Thursday, August 27, 2020

Discuss the range of possible outcomes if Shakespeare's advice of Essay

Talk about the scope of potential results if Shakespeare's recommendation of neither a loan specialist nor a borrower be should turn into a general law - Essay Example Also, it gives simple and modest liquidity than other accessible loan specialists and delegates (Delaume 2012). If Shakespeare’s articulation was a general law, there would not be the extended money related progression and improved volumes of private capital imperfections in the created nations that was attribute of 1990s. The post emergency capital versatility in the creating scene (particularly in Asia) was because of four types of capital inflows; portfolio ventures, direct speculation, bank advances and different speculations. Bank advances in nations like Malaysia saw their economies develop from third world economies to second world status (Shin-Ichi, 2013). Credits that were progressed to the states through World Bank and IMF improved the general economy of the countries and the government assistance of their residents. This would not be conceivable had Shakespeare’s articulation been a general law. In household money related markets, banks are the most exceptional methods for diverting reserve funds to ventures with the most positive returns. If the announcement by Shakespeare turned into a precedent-based law, banks would not give liquidity and license effective pooling of dangers (Shin-Ichi, 2013). The way that there are loan specialists and borrowers makes a domain that empowers the exercises of banks to change the creation of capital in a way that is possibly useful for upgrading capital aggregation. Improvement of banks as loaning foundations regulates them as the finders of data about firms and lessening corporate nearsightedness by vanquishing the difficulties related with educational asymmetry (Shin-Ichi, 2013). The forces are given to the banks by investors. These forces have prompted accessibility of significant data that enables a firm to connect financially with another. Had loaning and getting been missing, such powers would not be inside the compass of banks. Financial turn of events and

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Free Essays on Jim Jones

The History of Jonestown In 1978, 913 devotees of Jim Jones and the Peoples Temple submitted a mass self destruction in northern Guyana at a site called, Jonestown. The appealling pioneer of Jonestown, was Jim Jones, an evangelist who set up the Peoples Temple in San Francisco and at last moved his supporters to a progressively furtive site in Guyana. While Jones was lecturing in San Francisco, he assisted numerous nearby and even national crusades and was viewed as a healer which much force in the network. Be that as it may, when he had the entirety of his individuals in Jonestown, his character changed. Away from the imperatives of American soil, Jonestown and its individuals turned out to be very devoted. Jones elevated guidelines on his devotees and their commitment to the organization. In the end, Jones started to guarantee his actual heavenly nature. Jones, for instance currently professed to be the resurrection of Jesus, just as Ikhnaton, Buddha, Lenin, and Father Divine.(Galanter, 1989) Paranoia and full oversight turned into Jones' character, when he got such an affectionate gathering. Jones started to organize practices of his possible mass self destruction plan that he would in the long run authorize. These drills, called white evenings started with alarms sounding in the night and none of the individuals from Jonestown would know whether it was genuine or not. A mass gathering would result... we would be informed that the wilderness was amassing with hired soldiers... we were given a little glass of red fluid to drink. We were informed that the fluid contained toxic substance and that we would bite the dust inside 45 minutes. We as a whole did as we were told.(Galanter, 1989) In 1978, U.S. Congressman Leo Ryan went to Jonestown to research guessed maltreatment by the People's Temple onto its individuals. Subsequent to remaining for a day, Ryan attempted to leave, taking four of the religion individuals who had chosen to surrender. Understanding this, Jones requested them executed, as was finished. Detecting that his ideal world in the wilderness would most likely reach a conclusion after news found its way back to the states abou... Free Essays on Jim Jones Free Essays on Jim Jones The History of Jonestown In 1978, 913 supporters of Jim Jones and the Peoples Temple submitted a mass self destruction in northern Guyana at a site called, Jonestown. The alluring pioneer of Jonestown, was Jim Jones, an evangelist who set up the Peoples Temple in San Francisco and at last moved his adherents to a progressively surreptitious site in Guyana. While Jones was lecturing in San Francisco, he assisted numerous nearby and even national battles and was viewed as a healer which much force in the network. Be that as it may, when he had the entirety of his individuals in Jonestown, his character changed. Away from the requirements of American soil, Jonestown and its individuals turned out to be very devoted. Jones increased guidelines on his adherents and their commitment to the group. In the long run, Jones started to guarantee his actual godliness. Jones, for instance currently professed to be the rebirth of Jesus, just as Ikhnaton, Buddha, Lenin, and Father Divine.(Galanter, 1989) Paranoia and unlimi ted authority turned into Jones' character, when he got such an affectionate gathering. Jones started to organize practices of his possible mass self destruction plan that he would in the end institute. These drills, called white evenings started with alarms sounding in the night and none of the individuals from Jonestown would know whether it was genuine or not. A mass gathering would result... we would be informed that the wilderness was amassing with hired fighters... we were given a little glass of red fluid to drink. We were informed that the fluid contained toxic substance and that we would bite the dust inside 45 minutes. We as a whole did as we were told.(Galanter, 1989) In 1978, U.S. Congressman Leo Ryan went to Jonestown to examine assumed maltreatment by the People's Temple onto its individuals. In the wake of remaining for a day, Ryan attempted to leave, taking four of the faction individuals who had chosen to desert. Understanding this, Jones requested them murdered, as was finished. Detecting that his ideal world in the wilderness would most likely reach a conclusion after news found its way back to the states abou...

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited Free Essays

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (known as BSNL, India Communications Corporation Limited) is an open part correspondences organization in India. It is the India’s biggest media transmission organization with 25.14% piece of the overall industry as on December 31, 2007. We will compose a custom article test on Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Its central command are at Bharat Sanchar Bhawan, Harish Chandra Mathur Lane, Janpath, New Delhi. It has the status of Mini-ratna †a status appointed to presumed Public Sector organizations in India. BSNL is India’s most established and biggest Communication Service Provider (CSP). At present BSNL has a client base of 68.5 million (Basic Mobile communication). It has impressions all through India with the exception of the metropolitan urban areas of Mumbai and New Delhi which are overseen by MTNL. As on December 31, 2007 BSNL instructed a client base of 31.7 million Wireline, 4.1 million CDMA-WLL and 32.7 million GSM Mobile supporters. BSNL’s income for the Financial Year finishing March 31, 2007 remained at INR 397.15b (US$ 9.67 b) with net benefit of INR 78.06b (US$ 1.90 billion). Today, BSNL is India’s biggest Telco and one of the biggest Public Sector Undertaking with assessed showcase estimation of $ 100 Billion. The organization is arranging an IPO with in a half year to offload 10 % to open. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. shaped in October, 2000, is World’s seventh biggest Telecommunications Company giving thorough scope of telecom benefits in India: Wireline, CDMA versatile, GSM Mobile, Internet, Broadband, Carrier administration, MPLS-VPN, VSAT, VoIP administrations, IN Services and so forth. Inside a range of five years it has gotten one of the biggest open division unit in India. BSNL has introduced Quality Telecom Network in the nation and now concentrating on improving it, extending the system, presenting new telecom administrations with ICT applications in towns and wining customer’s certainty. Today, it has about 47.3 million line essential phone limit, 4 million WLL limit, 20.1 Million GSM Capacity, in excess of 37382 fixed trades, 18000 BTS, 287 Satellite Stations, 480196 Rkm of OFC Cable, 63730 Rkm of Microwave Network interfacing 602 Districts, 7330 urban areas/towns and 5.5 Lakhs towns. BSNL is the main specialist organization, putting forth engaged attempts and arranged activities to connect the Rural-Urban Digital Divide ICT part. Indeed there is no telecom administrator in the nation to beat its span with its wide system giving administrations in each alcove corner of nation and works across India aside from Delhi Mumbai. Regardless of whether it is difficult to reach territories of Siachen icy mass and North-eastern district of the nation. BSNL serves its clients with its wide bundle of telecom administrations. BSNL is numero uno administrator of India in all administrations in its permit territory. The organization offers vide running most straightforward tax plans intended to suite each client. BSNL cell administration, CellOne, has more than 17.8 million cell clients, earning 24 percent of every single versatile client as its endorsers. That implies that pretty much every fourth portable client in the nation has a BSNL association. In essential administrations, BSNL is miles in front of its adversaries, with 35.1 million Basic Phone endorsers for example 85 percent portion of the endorser base and 92 percent share in income terms. BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL supporters and 2.5 million Internet Customers who get to Internet through different modes viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, Account Less Internet(CLI). BSNL has been decreed as the NUMBER ONE ISP in the nation. BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi-convention united IP framework that offers joined types of assistance like voice, information and video through a similar Backbone and Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6 million DataOne broadband clients. The organization has tremendous involvement with Planning, Installation, arrange incorporation and Maintenance of Switching Transmission Networks and furthermore has a world class ISO 9000 affirmed Telecom Training Institute. Scaling new statures of achievement, the current turnover of BSNL is more than Rs.351,820 million (US $ 8 billion) with net benefit as much as ($ 2.26 billion) for last budgetary year. The framework resource on phone alone is worth about Rs.630,000 million (US $ 14.37 billion). BSNL plans to grow its client base from present 47 millions lines to 125 million lines by December 2007 and framework speculation plan to the tune of Rs. 733 crores (US$ 16.67 million) in the following three years. The turnover, across the nation inclusion, reach, far reaching scope of telecom administrations and the longing to exceed expectations has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom Company of India. History The establishment of Telecom Network in India was laid by the British at some point in nineteenth century. The historical backdrop of BSNL is connected with the start of Telecom in India. In nineteenth century and for practically whole twentieth century, the Telecom in India was worked as a Government of India wing. Prior it was a piece of past Post Telegraph Department (PT). In 1975 the Department of Telecom (DoT) was isolated from PT. Dab was liable for running of Telecom benefits in whole nation until 1985 when Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) was cut out of DoT to run the telecom administrations of Delhi and Mumbai. BSNL was cut out of Department of Telecom to give level playing field to private telecoms. Along these lines in 1990s the telecom division was opened up by the Government for Private venture, in this way it got important to isolate the Government’s strategy wing from Operations wing. The Government of India corporatised the tasks wing of DoT on October 01, 2000 and named it as Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL).BSNL works as an open part. The most effective method to refer to Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, Essay models

Friday, August 21, 2020

Influential African American Leaders Free Essays

In the years following Reconstruction, numerous African Americans met people's high expectations of carrying rights and equity to blacks. Booker T. Washington, W. We will compose a custom paper test on Powerful African American Leaders or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now E. B. DuBois, and Ida Wells-Barnett are Just of scarcely any instances of the remarkable powerful African American pioneers that affected the individuals, timeframe, and history. Booker T. Washington did what appeared the inconceivable for blacks; he established the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. It was there that the previous slave prepared uneducated African American understudies in an exchange that would assist them with accomplishing conomic opportunity and experience a similar uniformity as whites. To accomplish this opportunity and balance, he instructed that if blacks exceeded expectations in fields like educating, agribusiness, and difficult work exchanges (hands on fields), at that point in the end they would be treated as the equivalents they strived to be. Despite the fact that the Institute turned into a significant place for specialized training in the South, numerous blacks discovered his methods of reasoning and lessons questionable. While those blacks needed to incorporate and turn into a greater piece of society, Washington saw no issue with isolation. One f his most well known doings is his Atlanta discourse given 1895. On the side of his battle for isolation, he said during the discourse, â€Å"In everything that are simply social, we (whites and blacks) can be as discrete as the fingers, yet one as the turn in everything fundamental to common advancement. † As consistently there as different sides to everything, and Mr. W. E. B. DuBois was the specific inverse of Washington. W. E. B. DuBois was the absolute first dark Ph. D. move on from Harvard University. DuBois was one of those African Americans that discovered Washington’s methods of reasoning and lessons questionable, and he couldn't help contradicting him n numerous things. Annoyed by the thoughts that Booker T. communicated in his Atlanta discourse, DuBois considered Washington to be somebody that solitary needed to satisfy the white network and populace. Because of Washington’s Atlanta discourse, DuBois conveyed the â€Å"Atlanta Compromise. † Within this discourse he contended about how the approval of isolation and making due with accomplishment would not get the African American people group anyplace. He imagined that blacks ought to follow occupations in humanities and administrative/proficient (cubicle) fields. It was his contemplations cap blacks must be strategically, legitimately, and socially dynamic so as to accomplish balance. DuBois sorted out a gathering of dark erudite people known as the Niagara Movement; it was their objective to plot a motivation for African American advancement in the US. In 1909, he was additionally a significant piece of the establishing of the NAACP, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; they likewise committed themselves to the advancement of African Americans. Ida Wells-Barnett, an African American lady, drove crusades against the Ku Klux Klan and for the women’s development. As the KKK threatened southern blacks, Ida drove an ampaign against the lynchings that made a large number of the uninformed northerners mindful of the circumstances happening in the southern states. Concerning the women’s development, her dynamic job increased much more reputation when she would not walk toward the finish of testimonial processions Just in light of the fact that she dark. She, alongside others, helped DuBois structure the NAACP. These Atrican Americans tougnt tor the rights that they telt they were allowed by the Bill of Rights and the changes included a short time later. It was a direct result of the endeavors of these three people, African Americans and ladies presently have the rights that they do. The most effective method to refer to Influential African American Leaders, Papers

An Essay on Environmental Problem Topics

An Essay on Environmental Problem TopicsEnvironmental problem essay topics provide students with a unique opportunity to apply skills learned in other courses. These include social studies, math, English and science. However, since many of these subjects are taught only once per year, these courses are often limited to one to two semesters per year. Instead, students need to be creative when it comes to writing an essay on environmental problems.Environmental problem essay topics offer the student the opportunity to explore and express his or her personal views on how to solve the problems presented by environmental issues. As a result, the essay will be considered a meaningful contribution. Besides helping students develop critical thinking skills, this type of essay also helps them learn how to respond to concerns about climate change, pollution and habitat loss.When you are considering environmental problem essay topics, it is important to identify the elements that make up a good essay. First, the essay should be short, yet informative. The reader will want to get to the main points quickly, and this needs to be achieved in the fewest words possible. Therefore, while selecting environmental problem essay topics, students should look for essay topics that can be written in a matter of minutes. This will enable the student to move on to the next topic and not become too bored.In addition, each element of the essay must be supported by a central and important point. A statement in the essay that was not clearly stated will result in poor comprehension. However, students should not keep the central issue in their mind and forget to write the rest of the essay. The student should review the essay again before they submit it for evaluation. They should also make sure that they have read the topic in its entirety.Finally, students must create an outline before they begin writing the essay. A well-developed outline will ensure that they can continue the discussion at a later time without having to ask questions. Students should remember that each essay must meet strict guidelines in order to be accepted for university credit.Environmental problem essay topics are generally considered difficult, and the requirements to complete them will require considerable preparation. In order to achieve success in this area, students must have a strong knowledge of relevant topics, including grammar, spelling and punctuation. If students do not have this knowledge, they should take courses that teach these skills.Environmental problem essay topics are especially difficult if students have never written such a report before. While this does not mean that they should abandon their previous writing experience, they should instead use the essay as a platform to polish their writing skills. The best way to do this is to give the essay extra effort. Using additional research, brainstorming and editing can all help them avoid making the same mistakes.One final th ing to keep in mind when you are writing your environmental problem essay topics is that they should be short and concise. Instead of devoting two weeks to an essay, consider only using a day or two to complete them. Your goal is to give your reader everything they need in the fewest words possible.

Thursday, July 2, 2020

Pen, Ink, and Gas The Use of Comics in MAUS - Literature Essay Samples

While Art sits at his drawing board, a pile of emaciated Jewish bodies lies below him, seemingly unnoticed while reporters and businessmen climb over them (II.41). These bodies represent the grave nature of Art’s subject matter, the millions of dead Jews demanding that their story be told accurately, that their murderers’ atrocity not be trivialized. And at first glance, as we see roughly drawn, animal versions of soldiers fighting in one of the most terrible wars in history, it may appear as though Art’s book epitomizes this trivialization. But as we delve deeper into his world, we soon discover the rich depth that his medium provides in its opportunity for vivid metaphor and enlightening perspective.Maus chronicles not only the harrowing story of Vladek’s survival, but also the story of Artie’s coming to terms with his father’s experiences. These two worlds  and the cultural contexts associated with them  are constantly juxtaposed as th e narrative seamlessly alternates between them, the characters and background instantly providing the context for any given panel. For example, inserted into the myriad of examples of how Vladek was a victim of anti-Semitic Nazi treatment is a scene in which we learn that he himself is just as racist toward black people, or â€Å"shvartsers,† as he calls them, as the Nazis were toward him (II.98-100). Vladek doesn’t even believe it makes sense to compare blacks and Jews. This stark contrast between what we read and what we would at first expect exists because the two stories are so interwoven; we can’t help but compare Vladek and the Nazis, and the similarities we find are disturbing.Art’s choice to include without modification his previous work, Prisoner on the Hell Planet, is an interesting one (I.100-103). The brief segment is chronologically halfway between the two main narratives, and it helps to tie them together. We gain an idea of how the Holocaus t affected Art’s parents and how they in turn affected him, their emotional instability mixing up his emotions so that he ends up blaming them, the Holocaust, and everything else that enters his mind. By including the main autobiographical narrative, we can glimpse both Art’s difficulty in understanding his parent’s experiences as well as his father’s difficulty in understanding that his son is living in a new era, one far removed from the Holocaust. We can take the familiar place of Art and, like him, see his father’s story through his father’s eyes.Some memories are so important to us, so fiercely horrifying or intensely pleasant, that the sight becomes burned into our mind, every minute detail of the scene unforgettably captured. No representation, be it words, a picture, or a movie, can do these moments the justice they deserve, but Art’s expressive drawings come close. We get a glimpse of what it might have been like for Vladek, looking down on the burning bodies, watching the gasoline and human fat being poured to accelerate the blaze (II.72). Art depicts these intense memories of Vladek’s experience with subtly different drawings, using heavy lines and dark, intense shading so that the emotion bleeds off the page. There are no speech bubbles to represent a passage of time; the memory is condensed to a single instant, frozen, captured on the page just as it was captured in Vladek’s memory. These evocative panels transport us directly into Vladek’s point of view, and they could never exist in any other medium.The comic form also allows Spiegelman to utilize symbols to express mood and feeling. When Vladek and Anja leave the ghetto and begin walking to Sosnowiec, they feel lost, not knowing what will come next as they search for some place to stay and hide (I.125). Art encapsulates this feeling of nervous suspense with a casual inclusion of swastika-shaped crossroads, and this subtle sym bolism immediately conveys a torrent of information. Even though they are near their home, they feel as though they are in a foreign world. They realize they have no choice but to walk the Nazi path, knowing they could run into trouble at any moment. And what looks to be a crematorium in the background suggests that, if they chose the wrong path, they will end up like their many relatives and friends, snuffed out by the Nazis. All this information and emotion is communicated through the powerful illustration of a single panel, a testament to the suitability of the comic medium for Art’s subject matter.One of the most apparent instances of symbolism in Maus is the animal-headed characters. Anthropomorphic animals are, of course, nothing new to the world of comics; we don’t think twice about the absurdity of talking rodents and we easily accept the almost clichà © relationship between cats and mice that we find in Maus. But unlike Tom and Jerry, whose roles as animals a re portrayed only literally, Art’s animal heads are used to represent the stereotypes associated with the different groups in the social arena of the time. The Germans are represented by cats, instinctive hunters of Jewish mice, who in turn are seen as as vermin to be exterminated; this association of mice with Jews may be based on the German anti-Semitic propaganda film, The Eternal Jew, in which a pack of rats emerging from a sewer is juxtaposed with Jews in a crowded street of a Polish ghetto1. The mouse metaphor also captures the resourcefulness and scavenging nature of mice as well as their inability to ever be wiped out entirely. And just as cats don’t view mice as bitter enemies so much as instinctive food, many Germans were not fully conscious of their antagonism toward Jews, instead simply swallowing propaganda and obeying orders.The separation of characters into distinct species may seem at first to be trivializing and unnecessary, but it does effectively cap ture the stark stratification that existed during the World War II era. Adolf Hitler’s quote, â€Å"the Jews are undoubtedly a race, but they are not human,† epitomizes the viewpoint held by many Nazis who truly viewed the Jews as a separate species. At one point, a mouse claims that he is in fact German and should be relieved from the harsh treatment given to the Jews. Spiegelman drew the character twice, once as a mouse and once as a cat; to the Germans, there was no middle ground, and their identification of the man as a Jew ensured his untimely death (II.50).Yet individual characters are given the choice of living up to or breaking away from those stereotypes. We see Jewish police forcefully sending Vladek’s grandparents –  fellow mice – to Auschwitz to be killed with millions of other Jews (II.87). We hear of a German officer’s girlfriend convincing him to spare hundreds of Jews (II.108). And we meet both a Pole who informs the Gestap o of hiding Jews (I.113) as well a Pole who accepts Jews into her household to hide them from Nazi patrols (I.141). What shines through is not how each character conforms to the stereotypes associated with their species, but how, fundamentally, there is no difference between mice, cats and pigs; how, truly, there are both cruel and compassionate, ruthless and merciful, malicious and benevolent members of every nationality, every ethnicity, every religion.Characters in Maus are frequently shown to wear masks representing a confusion of identity, intentional or otherwise. In Maus I, these masks are visible when characters pretend to be of another species, such as when Vladek identifies himself as a Pole to a train man so that he might let him board in secret (I.64). The ease by which Vladek can assume the part of another race, represented by the donning of a simple mask, demonstrates how quickly the supposed differences between species melt away when the racial divide is eliminated.In Maus II, these masks take on a more complicated role during the meta-narrative at the beginning of chapter two, where several characters, including Art himself, are seen as humans sporting only masks instead of actual animal heads. The temporary lapse of metaphor allows us to understand that the identity provided by our race and nationality – our species – is really just a mask that we wear. That underneath our masks, we’re all just people.By assigning specific animals to broad groups of diverse people, Art highlights the absurdity of making such generalizations. Just as Art can’t decide what animal his wife should be drawn as – a mouse, a frog, or something else entirely? (II.11) –  so too is it senseless to attempt, like Hitler, to assign simple categorizations to the deep, complex psyche that makes us human. It is the very artificiality of Art’s metaphor that allows him to so evocatively capture the reality of the Holocaust.This personal touch, this intimacy, is what makes Maus so powerful. We can not only see but experience the toll Hitler took on Vladek, on his family, and on the world. We can experience, through Art’s brilliant metaphor, the social mindset of the war’s participants. And by the time we finish the last page, we have experienced more than just what Vladek survived.  We have experienced what it was to have survived it.

Monday, May 25, 2020

The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1153 Words

i. 1. The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a romantic novel that takes place in sixteenth century Boston, Massachusetts. 2. As a romantic novel, it focuses on the various relationships between the characters and the drastic experiences caused by the scarlet letter between the four main characters being Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingsworth, and Pearl Prynne, with the condemnation of the Puritan society 3. The unknown narrator follows the novel’s main antagonist Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale through their journey of their connected sin as they strive for truth and redemption from the very close-minded Puritan Society ii. 1. The characters of Hester Prynne and Dimmesdale’s psych has changed†¦show more content†¦These series of quotes show the narrator’s direct characterization of Prynne as these characteristics are what Prynne is initially in front of society; she is angelic. b. Its shows how she is now enclosing herself from society in a sphere of loneliness and grey, losing her individuality c. She goes from being beautiful and lady-like to a sight to the society as an abomination and to be ostracized by the Puritan society for her sin ii. In the middle of the novel Prynne now begins to slowly accept her sin and becomes involved in the society using her hands to her advantage in order to escape the cruelty of the Puritan and instead become a part of it. 2. â€Å"She possessed an art that sufficed,†¦almost the only one within a woman’s grasp- of needle-work†¦there might be an infrequent call for the finer productions of her handiwork†¦Hester really filled a gap†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (68) a. She now has a place in the community, though it may not be a well-respected position in society she still finds the positive of it. b. Prynne has found something to distract her from the scarlet letter and has now became known for something else rather than the infamy gained by the scarlet letter. iii. Now that Prynne has found her retribution she has no shame in being attached to the scarlet â€Å"A† as it is now and forever will be a part of her; she sees no use