Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 33

Case Study Example The company is a market leader in home care market and personal care market that includes products such as deodorants, antiperspirants and skin cleansing products. According to the company website, Unilever is geared at working with integrity and making positive impact in the society through managing all environmental impacts in order to attain long-term goal of developing a sustainable business (Deighton 2). For decades, Unilever described itself as a company with local roots and global scale and eleven of its leading brands that include Lipton, Omo, Dove and Blue Band earned over $ 1 billion in annual revenues. Unilever was $ 50 billion in annual revenues, but its competitors such as Nestle had $ 69 billion, Procter and Gamble had $ 68 billion while Kraft Foods had $ 34 billion. The company operated in all continents and decentralization of operations enhanced diversity, but led to challenges of control. Although some brands attained high market share, the company lacked a global identity thus leading to the ‘Path to Growth’ strategy of 2000 that aimed at cutting down the 1600 brands to 400 brands that would become the ‘Masterbrands’. The shifts to Masterbrands aimed at decentralization and global vision that would ensure cooperation across all geographic markets (Deighton 4). In the 1980s’s Dove’s advertising highlighted the functional benefits such as avoiding of dry skin and marketing slogans referred the brand as ‘moisturizing cream’. Dove was selected to be a Masterbrand in 2000 in personal care categories such as hair care products, body lotions, hair styling products, facial cleansers and deodorants. Although the advertisements focused on the functional benefits, the communication had to shift to cater for the numerous categories and thus Dove would stand for a point of view. In 2004, Unilever recognized the need to position the brand according to consumers’ point of view in order to attain high brand

‘A View from a Bridge’ by Author Miller Essay Example for Free

‘A View from a Bridge’ by Author Miller Essay The play, ‘A View from a Bridge’, by Author Miller has the theme of a Modern Greek tragedy. A Greek tragedy is a play where fate runs it’s ‘bloody course’, which will lead to the tragic hero’s downfall. A tragic hero is usually a character of noble stature. Just like all people, tragic heroes aren’t perfect but what separates them from the others is that they have a hamartia, a tragic flaw. This flaw will be the cause of the downfall for the tragic hero. Eddie Carbone is somewhat a tragic hero. He doesn’t fit as a tragic hero because in the play, he is a normal longshoreman, which is fairly ordinary in Red Hook. Just like all men, †he worked on the piers when there was work, he brought home his pay, and he lived.† He doesnt have a high status position. On the other hand, he can still be categorized as a tragic hero because he has a tragic flaw and an inevitable downfall. In the start of the play, he is also respected, just like a tragic hero. Eddie’s tragic flaw is how much he loves Catherine. His fate is unavoidable due to the tragic flaw in his personality. His unnatural love for Catherine made him jealous of Rodolpho. This again is a device used in Greek tragedy, and can be described as a weakness of the tragic hero. This is a feature that all tragic heroes have; hence they are called â€Å"tragic† heroes. At the start, the tragic hero will be a good person. In the play’s case, Miller portrayed Eddie in the beginning of the play as a loving and caring man. He loves Catherine a lot. He said, â€Å"I want you to be in a nice office.† This shows that he cares a lot for Catherine and her future. At this stage, the audience should see Eddie as a respectable man. Miller also uses the technique of foreshadowing to imply to the audience that betrayal is going to happen. Miller used the ‘Vinny Bolzano’ example. Vinny â€Å"snitches† on his own uncle. In the play, Eddie said â€Å"†¦. hidin’ in the house and he snitched to the Immigration.† Catherine’s response was fairly surprised. She said â€Å"What, was he crazy?†. Vinny Bolzano was publicly humiliated by his own family and shunned from the community. He was not seen in the area since. . Miller added this to foreshadow the fact that Eddie is going to do something similar in the play. This is also an example of how the community functions. They believed that ‘snitching’ is always bad therefore he got punished for it, although the actual law will find it as a righteous act. Eddie tells Catherine that â€Å"you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word that you gave away†, and with this advice, Eddie gains the audience’s respect. It is also ironic because later on in the play, Eddie â€Å"snitches† on Marco and Roldopho. This loses all sympathy and respect towards Eddie. In the play, Alfieri’s role in the Greek Tragedy is a chorus. Alfieri refers to fate’s â€Å"bloody course†, which immediately brings us to the thought of destiny or fate. This is an ominous statement as it gives the sense that unavoidable tragedy will happen, and he is won’t be able to change the outcome. Alfieri said â€Å"heard the same complaint and sat there, as powerless as I†. This proves that he is merely a bystander looking at something way out of control. He also said â€Å"I could see every step coming, step after step, like a dark figure walking down a hall to a certain door†, which reinforces Eddie’s fate that awaits him. Eddie’s tragic flaw is soon exposed, as he will not accept the love between Catherine and Rodolpho. As Eddie realizes that their relationship is becoming more serious, he degrades Rodolpho by questioning his sexuality. While Eddie was talking to Beatrice, he says that Rodolpho is â€Å"like a chorus girl or sump’m†. Eddie infers that Rodolpho is less of a man. Since it didn’t work, Eddie took matters up to Alfieri. Eddie told Alfieri that Rodolpho â€Å"ain’t right†. He is trying to get the law on his side. Once Eddie is frustrated, he says, he’s stealing from me!†. This shows that deep down, Eddie believes that Catherine belongs to him. Eddie starts to show his jealous side by telling Catherine that Rodolpho wants Catherine only in order to become an American citizen. He told Catherine that Rodolpho is â€Å"only bowin’ to his passport†. Eddie still wants Catherine therefore he challenges Rodolpho directly by teaching him how to box. Miller demonstrates the tension between them through the stage directions. For example, Eddie hits Rodolpho, which â€Å"mildly staggers him†. It seems that Eddie needs to prove himself to be manlier than Rodolpho. This is also the beginning of his downfall. Marco then challenged Eddie by picking up the chair. This grows the tension between them, foreshadowing that something bad will happen. In the final scene, in which Eddie died in, it is also very similar to Greek tragedy. The tragic hero will die reconciled with others and will end regretfully to his actions. Miller conveys Eddie’s remorse and had him reconcile with Beatrice as he cries â€Å"My B.! My B.†, and dies in her arms. Eddie also dies in his own hands. He brings the knife into the duel, therefore it would seem, like most tragic heroes, Eddie is the cause of his own destruction. This gives the play a more complete ending. All problems have been solved. Then again, it can be argued that Eddie is different from a tragic hero because at times he appears to have more control over his actions than a tragic hero does. For example, Eddie was driven to call the Immigration Bureau because of his love for Catherine. Alfieri presents him with another option, to â€Å"let her go. And bless her.† It seems like Eddie has selected his route, which lead to his downfall, whereas traditional tragic heroes usually dont have an alternative option. This is unsympathetic because he had another option, but it was his choice not to take it. Not only did he betray Rodolpho and Marco, he also betrayed his community. He lost all his respect and reputation. In conclusion, Eddie is very similar to a traditional tragic hero from Greek tragedy. His tragic flaw drives him to desperate actions, and in this case he cannot let Catherine go. Fate â€Å"runs its bloody course† as the inevitable death of Eddie is shown. Eddie is stubborn and refuses to â€Å"settle for half†, constantly wanting something he can’t have. His tragic flaw leads the fateful path to his death.

The Theme of Paralysis in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock :: Love Song J. Alfred Prufrock Essays

The Theme of Paralysis in The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock " 'I grow old ... I grow old ... I shall wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled.' What does that mean, Mr. Marlowe?" "Not a bloody thing. It just sounds good." He smiled. "That is from the 'Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.' Here's another one. 'In the room the women come and go/Talking of Michael Angelo.' Does that suggest anything to you, sir?" "Yeah- it suggests to me that the guy didn't know very much about women." "My sentiments exactly, sir. Nonetheless I admire T. S. Eliot very much." "Did you say 'nonetheless' ?" (Chandler 356-7) "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is one of the most influential poems of the twentieth century (Williams 49). It is certainly not a love song like any that had been written before. The second and third lines shock the reader because of their unusual imagery that would be out of place in a traditional love poem, describing the setting sunlit sky as looking "like a patient etherised upon a table" (Eliot 3). This "etherised" outside world is the key to understanding all of Prufrock's views. He is afraid of the increasingly industrialized and impersonal city surrounding him, and he is unsure of what to do and afraid to commit to any particular choice of action (Mays 112). Paralysis is the main theme of "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock." Eliot composed "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" during a period beginning in 1909, and ending with the culmination of his first published book, Prufrock and Other Observations, which was published in 1917 (Scofield 46). The changes he made over several years may account for the fragmentation of the poem, but the main theme of paralysis was ever present, and would continue to be a major theme of Eliot's for much of his career (Scofield 46). Originally, the poem was titled "Prufrock Among The Women", which was later adapted and used in "Sweeny Among The Nightingales", and of course parodied E. B. Browning's "Bianca Among the Nightingales" (Loucks 1). Eliot chose to use the more ironic title, of "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" instead, echoing the form of his name that Eliot himself was using at the time, that of T. Stearns Eliot (Southam 1). In 1909, Eliot completed his undergraduate studies at Harvard, and wrote what would be relatively unchanged in its final edition, the beginning of "Prufrock", lines 1-14.

Compative Study on Nokia and Samsung

PROJECT REPORT ON COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN NOKIA AND SAMSUNG FOR YOUTH GENERATION Submitted By Sathya priya . V TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER| CONTENTS | PAGE. NO| 1| INTRODUCTION 1. 1. Overview of Industry as a whole 1. 2. Nokia- Profile of the Organization 1. 3 Samsung –Profile of the Organization | | 2 | 2. 1. Review of literature2. 2 . Significance2. 3. Managerial usefulness of the study2. 4. Comparative features of the study2. 5. Objectives2. 6. Scope of the Study2. 7. Limitation of the study| | 3. . 5. | REARCH METHODOLOGYDATA ANALYSIS FINDINGSANNEXUREAPPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY| | LIST OF TABLES S. NO| PARTICULARS| PAGE NO| 4. 1| Table showing Brands which are used by the respondents| | 4. 2| Table showing percentage of people who would like to buy a good brand mobile. | | 4. 3| Table showing brands which have the best battery backup. | | 4. 4| Table showing depicts the features that best suits brand. | | 4. 5| Table showing criteria on which Nokia is rated| | 4. 6| Table showin g criteria on which Sony Ericson is rated. | | 4. 7| Table showing criteria on which Micromax is rated. | 4. 8| Table showing criteria on which Black berry is rated. | | 4. 9| Table showing criteria on which Samsung is rated. | | 4. 10| Table showing Satisfaction level of service provided by Nokia service centre. | | 4. 11| Table showing depicts the features that best suits brand. | | 4. 12| Table showing the brands which have the better brand image. | | 4. 13| Table showing brands which have largest service network. | | 4. 14| Table showing satisfaction level of service provided by Samsung service center| | LIST OF CHART S. NO| PARTICULARS| PAGE NO| 4. | Chart showing brands which are used by the respondents| | 4. 2| Chart showing percentage of people who would like to buy a good brand mobile| | 4. 3| Chart showing shows brands which have the best battery backup. | | 4. 4| Chart showing the depicts the features that best suits brand. | | 4. 10| Chart showing Satisfaction level of s ervice provided by Nokia service centre. | | 4. 11| Chart showing depicts the features that best suits brand. | | 4. 12| Chart showing the brands which have the better brand image. | | 4. 13| Chart showing the brands which have the better brand image. | 4. 14| Chart showing satisfaction level of service provided by Samsung service center. | | CHAPTER-1- INTRODUCTION 1. 1OVERVIEW OF INDUSTRY AS A WHOLE In today's world, most people communicate through the use cellular phones. It's hard to believe that fifteen years ago cell phones were a rarity. Below is a history chronicling the dawn of the cell phone to its current state. 1843-Faraday exposed his great advances of nineteenth-century science and technology and his discoveries have had an incalculable effect on technical development toward cellular phone development. 1865 – Dr.Mahlon Loomis of Virginia, a dentist, may have been the first person to communicate through wireless via the atmosphere. Between 1866 and 1873 he transm itted telegraphic messages at a distance of 18 miles between the tops of Coshocton and Beorse Deer Mountains, Virginia. 1973 – Dr Martin Cooper is considered the inventor of the first portable handset. Dr. Cooper, former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, and the first person to make a call on a portable cellular phone. 1973 – Dr. Cooper set up a base station in New York with the first working prototype of a cellular telephone, the Motorola Dynastic.Mr. Cooper and Motorola took the phone technology to New York to show the public. 1977 – Cell phones go public. Public cell phone testing began. The city of Chicago was here the first trials began with 2000 customers and eventually other cell phone trials appeared in the Washington D. C. and Baltimore area. Japan began testing cellular phone service in 1979. 1988 – This year changed many of the technologies that had become typical in the past. The Cellular Technology Industry Association (CT IA) was developed to lay down practical goals for cellular phone providers.According to the Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association, today there are more than 60 million customers with cellular phones, even though wireless service was just invented nearly 50 years ago. The cellular business was a $3 million market 25 years ago and has grown increasingly to close to a $30 billion per year industry 1. 2. NOKIA -PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION Nokia's history starts in 1865, Due to the European industrialization and the growing consumption of paper and cardboard Nokia soon became successful. Nokia’s Cable Work's Electronics department started to conduct research into semiconductor technology in the 1960? s.This was the beginning of Nokia’s journey into telecommunications. Nokia today is a world leader in mobile communications, driving the growth and sustainability of the broader mobility industry. Nokia connects people to each other and the information that matters t o them with easy-to-use and innovative products like mobile phones, devices and solutions for imaging, games, media and businesses. Nokia provides equipment, solutions and services for network operators and corporations. The company includes four business groups; Mobile Phones; Multimedia; Networks and Enterprise Solutions. In this project I will be focusing only on the mobile Phone usiness of Nokia in India. Nokia Corporation engages in the manufacture of mobile devices and mobile networks. It also provides equipment, solutions, and services for network operators, service providers, and corporations. The company operates in four segments: Mobile Phones, Multimedia, Enterprise Solutions, and Networks. The Mobile Phones segment offers mobile phones and devices based on GSM/EDGE, 3G/WCDMA, and CDMA cellular technologies. The Multimedia segment enables to create, access, and share multimedia in the form of advanced mobile multimedia computers and applications with connectivity over mul tiple technology standards.The Enterprise Solutions segment offers various products and solutions, including enterprise-grade mobile devices, underlying security infrastructure, software, and services for businesses and institutions. The Networks segment provides network infrastructure, communications, and networks service platforms, as well as professional services to operators and service providers. It focuses on the GSM family of radio technologies; networks with Internet Protocol and multi access capabilities; and professional services.The company also develops mobile WiMAX solutions. Nokia sells its products to operators, distributors, independent retailers, and corporate customers. It has its operations in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, China, the Asia-Pacific, North America, and Latin America. The company was founded in 1865 and is based in Espoo, Finland. Vision: Life Goes Mobile * Ten years ago, Nokia had a vision that seemed revolutionary for the times: Voice Goes Mobile ! As history shows, this vision became reality in an incredibly short amount of time. With more than 1. billion mobile phone subscriptions globally – and more mobile phones than fixed-line phones in use – shows that mobility has transformed the way people live their lives Business Mission: Connecting People * By connecting people, they help fulfill a fundamental human need for social connections and contact. Nokia builds bridges between people – both when they are far apart and face-to-face – and also bridges the gap between people and the information they need. As a market leader, the best contribution we can make to the global community is to conduct our business in a responsible way.This belief drives our commitment to creating ethically sound policies and principles that guide us in our work. Our Corporate Responsibility (CR) agenda is framed around the Nokia Values and is carried out in all aspects of our work to ensure customer satisfaction and resp ect, and also to assist us in embracing renewal and striving for achievement. By striving to include all members of Nokia's community in this process, we are demonstrating our overall commitment to the belief that responsibility is everybody's business.In this section you will find information about our strategy and approach, navigating the links above will give you more concrete information on our Corporate Responsibility activities. Vision Nokia‘s vision is a world where everyone is connected. With mobile subscriptions about to reach four billion, we are closer to our vision than anyone could have imagined just a few years ago. Our business benefits people, communities and the environment in new and exciting ways. As our business expands, so do our responsibilities. This sense of corporate responsibility (CR) is a fundamental part of who we are.Considering the wider impact of our actions is embedded in the Nokia Values, which guide our behavior, and in the Nokia Code of Cond uct, which gives guidance to our everyday work. Global challenges such as climate change and poverty concern us all. As a business that affects the lives of billions around the world, Nokia is in a key position to offer solutions to these challenges. Engaging you: For us, ‘engaging you’ incorporates the ‘customer satisfaction’ value and deals with engaging all our stakeholders, including employees, in what Nokia stands for in the world.Achieving together: ‘Achieving together’ is more than collaboration and partnership. As well as trust, it involves sharing, having the right mind-set and working in formal and informal networks. Passion for innovation: ‘Passion for innovation’ is based on a desire we have to live our dreams, to find courage and make the leap into the future through innovation in technology, ways of working and through understanding the world around us. Very human: Being ‘very human’ encompasses what we o ffer customers, how we do business and the impact of our actions and behavior on people and the environment.It is about being very human in the world – making things simple, respecting and caring. In short, our desire is to be a very human company. For more information on the Nokia Way and Nokia Values, go to Nokia as an employer within careers. 1. 3. SAMSUNG – PROFILE OF THE ORGANIZATION In 1938 the Samsung’s fonder byung –chull lee ser up a trade export company in Korea, selling fish vegetables and fruit to china . within a decade Samsung had flour mills and confectionary machines and become a co-operation in 1951. Humble beginnings.From 1958onwards Samsung began to expand into other industries such as financial, media, chemical and ship building throughout the 1970’s . in 1969, Samsung electronics was established producing what Samsung is most famous for television, mobile phones (througout90’s), radios, computer components and other elec tronics devices. 1987 founder and chairman, byung-chull lee passed away and kun-hee lee took over as chairman. In the1990’s Samsung began to expand globally building factories in the us, Britain, Germany Thailand Mexico Spain and china until 1997In 1997 nearly all Korean business shrunk in size and Samsung was no exception. They sold business to relieve debt and cut employees down lowering personnel by 50,000. But thanks to the electronic industry they manage to curb this and continue to grow. The history of Samsung and mobile phones stretches back to over 10 years . in 1993 Samsung developed the lightest mobile phone of its era the SCH 800 and it was available on CDMA networks. Then they developed smart phone and a phone combined mp3 player towards the end of the 20th century . to this date Samsung are dedicated to the 3g industry . aking video, camera phones at a speed to keep up with consumer demand . Samsung has made steady growth in the mobile industry and are currently second but competitor Nokia is ahead with more than 100%increase in shares. VISION OF THE COMPANY Leading the digital convergence revolution â€Å"GROWING TO BE THE BEST† As a part of vision Samsung has mapped out a specific plan of reaching $400 billion in revenue & becoming one of the world’s top 5 brands by 2020 MISSION OF THE COMPANY â€Å"DIGITAL –E COMPANY† excited about future to serve better services to the people in the market of telecommunications THE SAMSUNG PHILOSOPHYAt Samsung we follow a simple business philosophy to devote our talent and technology to creating superior products and services that contribute to a better global society. Every day people bring this philosophy to life . Samsung leaders search for the brightest talent from around the world, and give them the resources they need to be the best at what they do . The result is that all of their products from memory chips that help business store vital knowledge to mobile phones that connect people across continents have the power to enrich lives and that’s what making a better global society is all about. VALUESSamsung believe that by living by strong values is the key to business. At Samsung a rigorous code of conduct and these core values are at the heart of every decision they make . PEOPLE Quite simply, a company its people. At Samsung, we are dedicated to giving our people a wealth of opportunities to reach their full potential EXCELLENCE Everything we do at Samsung is driven by an unyielding passion for excellence and an unfaltering commitment to develop the best products and services on the market. CHANGE In today’s fast paced global economy, change is constant and innovation is critical to a company’s survival.As we have done for 70 years, we set our sights on the future ,anticipating market needs and demands so we can steer our company towards long term success . INTIGRITY Operating in an ethical way is the foundations of our busi ness . everything we do is guided by a moral compass that ensures fairness respect for all stakeholders and complete transparency. CO-PROSPERITY A business cannot be successful unless it creates prosperity and opportunity for others . Samsung is dedicated to being a socially and environmentally responsible corporate citizen in every community where we operate around the globe. PRINCIPLES OF THE COMPANY We comply with laws and ethical standards. * We respect customers, shareholders and employees. * We are socially responsible corporate citizen. * We care for the environment health and safety. * We maintain a clean environmental culture. MARKETING STRATEGY OF SAMSUNG * Aggressively hawking flips tops and clamshells with polyphonic ring tones and color screen. * Nationwide distributer and retail presence in the consumer durable market. * Samsung has been associated with the Lakme India fashion week for its mobile phones the company used the LIFW 2005 as a platform to launch D-500,world ’s best mobile phone in the Indian market. Set up a hand set manufacturing facility in India CHAPTER-2 2. 1. REVIEW OF LITREATURE A review of literature helps the researcher to have knowledge about the related study done by others; the following research studies were observed. John Ribeiro, IDG News Service (Apr 27, 2012) Samsung beat Nokia to the top position in the global handset market in the first quarter of 2012, research firms Strategy Analytics and IHS iSuppli said Friday. The research firms however disagreed on Samsung's Smartphone shipments in the first quarter wit iSuppli giving Apple the top position in smart phones, while Strategy Analytics called in favor of Samsung.The Korean company shipped 93. 5 million handsets in the first quarter, up from 69 million units a year earlier, for a 25 percent share of the market, even as global handset shipments grew a little over 3 percent annually to reach 368 million units in the quarter, Strategy Analytics said. How Samsung moved Nokia’s Cheese (Business Today dated May 2012): A comparative study shows How Samsung as a brand in the era of smart phones over took the business of Nokia in India. Nokia's competing smart phones were almost no match for Samsung's.It was not until February 2011 that a Finnish answer to the Galaxy came about in the form of the Lumia phone out of the Nokia-Microsoft tie-up in February 2011. The Lumia series received rave reviews internationally but sells just two phones in India – one at Rs 25,000 and a cheaper one at more than Rs 15,000. The devices are way too expensive going by prices Indians are used to, says Anshul Gupta, analyst at research firm Gartner. Why Nokia lost its market leadership in Indian market: A detailed study was carried out on how and where Nokia had lost its market leadership to competition. â€Å"A new OS is like a new religion,† D.Shivakumar, Nokia's Senior Vice President of sales for India, Middle East and Africa, indicating the m arket takes time to accept a completely new product line. He points to the 13 awards the yet-to-be-launched Lumia 900 won at this January's Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas as an instance of its ability to wow customers. How Nokia is among the top five Most Trusted Brands despite shaken reputation (The Economic Times November 2012): This study reveals How Nokia as India’s leading mobile phone for a large part of its existence was building not just its brand but a new category via its early ad campaigns and commercials.According to Nikunj Daga The findings advised that consumers preferred Nokia over all other brands due to features of the phone. Features such as user friendliness, rough and tough body, long life etc were believed to be the reasons of success. Though the marketing strategies have been aggressive, they were not the reasons for high market share of the company. James Crawshaw, European telecom and technology analyst at S;P Capital IQ, is unequivocal about w here Samsung is getting it right and Nokia wrong. Nokia's success [lies] not in increasing market share but in increasing its smart phones portfolio,† he says in a phone interview. Nokia's profits, he insists, need to come from high-end phones like that of Samsung's Android phones. Ratings firm Standard & Poor's downgraded Nokia below investment grade in April. 2. 2. SIGNFICANCE OF THE STUDY The present study is quite significant because it discusses values cultures vision, mission and strategies of two companies . Nokia and Samsung to make comparative analysis between these two companies it identifies the current ositions of the company . The report finds that high quality and advanced technologies are important factor for Nokia’s success moreover they are concentrating on ne area that is telecommunication while Samsung is indulging in many areas Moreover the other finding is that Nokia’s financial position is surpassing its competitors in the telecommunications report concludes that Nokia has established its leadership in telecom companies Samsung is gaining its area in style point of view or advanced features in their products. 2. 3. MANAGERIAL USEFULLNESS OF THE STUDYManagerial usefulness of the study is to analyze the comparative study between Nokia and Samsung. compare between there market strategies and to know about there vision mission and there future plans the respondents were discussing the questions prior to reply thus there could be biasness different promotional schemes were not known by the respondents. The customer analysis of this coursework highlighted that the upper segment of the population are the major consumers of mobile phones extensive research was conducted into strategies being implemented for the rural market . he prominent brands in Indian cellular phones are Nokia and the Samsung . Nokia has the single largest market share in India of 60%and the we have noticed that Nokia is the only competitor of Samsung but Nokia’s major competitor is Sony Ericson since these are very prominent players in the market 2. 4. COMPARATIVE FEATURES OF THE STUDY Comparing Nokia mobile phones Vs Samsung mobile phones, one can clearly see that both the companies are working hard to give users handsets which will make them more interacting. PRLog (Press Release) – Aug. , 2009 – High tech Nokia mobile phones have created a wave in mobile phone market through out UK. Many companies are launching mobile phones ranging from basic to high end segment with cutting edge technology to grab a respectable place in market. Nokia and Samsung are among those companies which have given some awesome handsets to users. Their mobile phones are not only reliable in terms of durability but also enable users to do different things with them. BY comparing mobile phones of both the companies we can know what users can get by buying their products . Design and CameraStyle is what matters to users hence, both the c ompanies invest ample time in designing of mobile phones before launching them. Samsung mobile phones are little bit advanced than Nokia mobile phones in terms of camera quality as company has already come up with a 12 mega pixel camera in Samsung M8910 pixon 12 while Nokia has provided its highest 8 mega pixel camera in Nokia N86. Though Nokia mobile phones are fabricated with world famous Carl Zeiss lenses which are absent in Samsung. Screen Both Nokia and Samsung mobile phones have one of the best quality screens supported with high resolution to give users best viewing experience.The Nokia N97( http://www. 3contractmobilephones. co. uk/nokia_mobile_phone†¦ ) has 3. 5 inches wide screen with resolution of 360 x 640 pixels and 16 million colours. The same specification can be found in Samsung B7610. Being the basic feature, both the companies try to provide best available display screen depending on range of the mobile phone. Data With the advent of 3G, Nokia mobile phones an d Samsung mobile phones have tried to integrate this feature in their handsets. With 3G one can connect to high speed mobile broadband to explore. 2. 4.OJECTIVES OF THE STUDY * To know about the cellular industries. * To help consumers to know about the companies their products and the future over comings * To know about the brand Nokia and the Samsung their products, market strategies, values mission adopted in the cellular companies. * To know consumer behavior towards Nokia and Samsung. 2. 5. SCOPE OF THE STUDY As learning is the human activity and is as natural ,as breathing despite of the fact the learning is all pervasive in our lives, psychologists do not agree on how learning takes place . ow individuals learn s a matter of interest to marketers they want to teach consumers in their roles as their roles as consumers. They want consumers to learn about their products product attributes, potential consumers benefit, how to use, maintain or even dispose of the product and the n ew ways of behaving that will satisfy not only the consumer needs, but the marketer’s objectives. The scope our study restricts itself to the analysis of CONSUMER BEHAVIOR, perception of Nokia and Samsung. 2. 6. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY * The findings of the study will be based on opinion of the respondents, which may be based. The study is confined to Coimbatore youth population * Lack of time and finance may prevent from carrying out in depth study. CHAPTER-3 RESEARCH METHDOLOG Research comprise defining and redefining problems, formulating hypothesis or suggested solutions; collecting, organizing and evaluating data; making deductions and reaching conclusions; and at last carefully testing the conclusions to determine whether they fit the formulating Hypothesis. In short, the search for Knowledge through Objective and Systematic method of finding solutions to a problem is Research. Research DesignType of Research: – Descriptive research Descriptive research includes Surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds. The main characteristic of this method is that the researcher has no control over the variables; he can only report what has happened or what is happening. Data Source: * There are two types of data. Primary Data: * The data was mainly obtained from the people feedback on the questionnaire which was distributed by the group members at various places Secondary Data: * The secondary data was obtained from various journals, internet, magazines etc.Research Instruments Selected instrument for Data Collection for Survey is Questionnaire. Sample Design Who is to be surveyed? The marketing researcher must define the target population that will be sampled. The sample Unit taken by me; General public of youth population, different gender and different professions. Extent:- Where the survey should be carried out? I have covered entire Coimbatore city for the survey Time Frame:- When the survey should be conducted? I conducted my survey f or 1week Sampling Frame:- The source from which the sample is drawn Sampling Technique: –How should the respondent be chosen? In the Project sampling is done on basis of Probability sampling. Among the probability sampling design the sampling design chosen is stratified random sampling. Because in this survey I had stratified the sample in different gender and different profession Sample Size/ Population Size: – How many people should be surveyed? My sample size is 55 Tools of analysis:- Simple percentage analysis and weighted average are used for the study. bar chart were also used to this study. Based on these results, conclusions were drawn and suggestions were given. 1.Simple percentage analysis:- This method is based on the opinion of respondents percentage is been calculated for respective scale of each other factor Simple percentage is calculated by using the following formula Simple percentage = [Total respondents/Total number of respondents]*100. 2. Weighted a verage method:- In weighed average method the mean in which each item being averaged is multiplied by a number (weight)the result is summed and the total is divided by the sum of weights. Weighted averages are used expensively in descriptive statistical analysis such as index number.It may also called as weighed mean. Weighed average = [N1*A1+N2*A2+N3*A3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦+Nn*An] —————————————————- [N1+N2†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Nn] Weighed average =wx/n . CHAPTER-4 DATA ANALYSIS Table -4. 1 1. The below table shows Brands which are used by the respondents. CRITERIA | NO. OF RESPONDENTS| PERCENTAGE | NOKIA| 19| 35 %| SAMSUNG | 22| 40 %| SONY| 3| 5 %| BLACKBERRY | 3| 5 %| MICROMAX| 5| 10 %| OTHERS| 3| 5 %| TOTAL| 55| 100%| INTERPRETATION:From the above table, out of 55 respondents 35% of respondents were using Nokia, 40% of Responde nts using Blackberry, 10% of respondents were using Micromax and 5% of respondents were respondents using Blackberry, 10% of respondent were using Micromax and 5% of respondents were dents were using Samsung, 5 % of respondents were using Sony, 5% of respondents were using Blackberry, 10% of respondent were using Micromax and 5% of respondents were using others. Chart -4. 1 1. The below chart shows brands which are used by the respondents . Table-4. 2 2. The below table shows percentage of people who would like to buy a good brand mobile?PARTICULAR| NO. OF RESPONDENTS| PERCENTAGE | NOKIA| 10| 18%| SAMSUNG| 14| 25%| SONY| 1| 2%| BLACKBERRY| 4| 7%| APPLE| 24| 44%| HTC| 1| 2%| OTHERS| 1| 2%| TOTAL| 55| 100| INTERPRETATION: From the above table out of 55 respondents, 18% of respondents are prefer to buy Nokia, 25% of respondents are prefer to buy Samsung, 2% of respondents are prefer to buy Sony,7% of respondents are prefer to buy Blackberry,44% of respondents are prefer to buy Apple , 2% of respondents are prefer to buy HTC, and 2% of respondents are prefer to buy Chart -4. 2 2. The below chart shows percentage of people who would like to buy a good brand mobile?Table -4. 3 3. The below table shows brands which have the best battery backup. PARTICULAR| NO. OF RESPONDENTS| PERCENTAGE | NOKIA| 25| 45%| SAMSUNG | 15| 27%| SONY| 3| 5%| BLACKBERRY | 2| 4%| MICROMAX| 1| 2%| OTHERS| 8| 15%| TOTAL| 55| 100%| INTERPRETATION: From the above table, out of 55 respondents 45% of respondents are mention that Nokia have the best battery back up,27%of respondents are mention the Samsung ,5% of respondents are mention the Sony ,4% of respondents are mention the Black berry ,2% of respondents are mention the Micromax,15% of respondents are mention the others.Chart -3 3. The below chart shows brands which have the best battery backup. Table -4. 4 4. The below table depicts the features that best suits a brand Criteria | Nokia | Percentage | Samsung | Percentage | Others | Percentag e | Total | Reliability | 29| 53%| 20| 36%| 6| 11%| 100%| Android | 12| 22%| 35| 64%| 8| 14%| 100%| Music | 26| 47%| 22| 40%| 7| 13%| 100%| Camera picture clarity (megapixel)| 21| 38%| 23| 42%| 11| 20%| 100%| Social networking | 28| 50%| 22| 40%| 5| 10%| 100%| Touch screen | 16| 29%| 31| 56%| 8| 15%| 100%|Economically price tag | 22| 40%| 20| 36%| 13| 24%| 100%| INTERPRETATION: * From the above table out of 55 respondents, most of the respondents prefer Nokia as reliable. 36% of respondents are prefer Samsung and 11%of respondents are prefer others. * In the above table 64% of respondents are prefer android facility in Samsung ,22% of respondents are prefer Nokia and 14% of respondents are prefer others. * In the above table 47% of respondents are prefer music in Nokia ,40% , of respondents are prefer Samsung and 13% of respondents are prefer others. In the above table 42% of respondents are prefer Samsung in the category of camera picture clarity,38% of respondents are prefer Nokia ,and 20 % of respondents are prefer others. * In the above table 50% of respondents are prefer Nokia in the criteria of social networking ,40% of respondents are prefer Samsung, and 10% of respondents are prefer others. * In the above table 56% of respondents are prefer Samsung in the criteria of touch screen , 29% of respondents are prefer Nokia, and 15% of respondents are prefer others. In the above table 40% of respondents are prefer Nokia in the criteria of economically price tag,36% of respondents prefer Samsung and 24% of respondents are prefer others. Chart -4. 4 4. The below table depicts the features that best suits a brand Table -4. 5 5. The below table shows criteria on which Nokia is rated. Criteria | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Total | Weighed average | Rank | Maintenance | 20| 36| 27| 20| 15| 118| 2. 14| 3| Durability | 40| 14| 9| 8| 15| 86| 1. 56| 1| Style/design | 5| 20| 6| 120| 40| 191| 3. 47| 6| Colour | 1| 8| 30| 100| 75| 214| 3. 89| 8|Size | 2| 6| 75| 60| 50| 193| 3. 50| 7| Price | 2| 70| 30| 20| 15| 142| 2. 58| 4| Availability | 32| 16| 30| 12| 10| 100| 1. 81| 2| Light weight | 5| 6| 12| 60| 140| 223| 4. 05| 9| Comfort | 15| 24| 18| 10| 10| 179| 3. 25| 5| INTERPRETATION: From the above table Nokia occupies first place in durability, second place in availability, third place in maintenance, fourth place in price, fifth place in comfort, sixth place in style and design, seventh place in size, eight place in colour and finally nineth place in light weight. It shows the rank of Nokia phones.Table -4. 6 6. The table below shows criteria on which Sony Ericson is rated. Criteria | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Total | Weighed average | Rank | Maintenance | 5| 6| 30| 80| 85| 206| 3. 74| 5| Durability | 3| 4| 18| 76| 125| 226| 4. 10| 8| Style/design | 35| 20| 15| 12| 10| 92| 1. 67| 1| Colour | 30| 30| 6| 12| 25| 103| 1. 87| 2| Size | 18| 30| 36| 40| 50| 174| 3. 16| 3| Price | 2| 6| 30| 100| 75| 213| 3. 87| 6| Availability | 4| 10| 66| 56| 50| 186| 3. 38| 4| Light weight | 5| 6| 12| 60| 140| 223| 4. 05| 7| Comfort | 3| 4| 75| 160| 50| 292| 5. 30| 9| INTERPRETATION:From the above table SONY ERICSON occupies first place in style and design , second place in colour, third place in size, fourth place in price, fifth place in maintenance, sixth place in price, seventh place in light weight, eighth place in durability and finally ninth place in comfort. It shows the rank of SONY ERICSON phones. Table 4. 7 7. The table below shows criteria on which Micromax is rated. Criteria | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Total | Weighed average | Rank | Maintenance | 6| 10| 54| 40| 80| 190| 3. 45| 4| Durability | 4| 14| 48| 80| 40| 186| 3. 38| 3| Style/design | 2| 6| 30| 32| 160| 230| 4. 8| 8| Colour | 5| 6| 6| 60| 150| 227| 4. 12| 6| Size | 2| 6| 18| 36| 175| 237| 4. 30| 9| Price | 38| 18| 9| 8| 15| 88| 1. 60| 1| Availability | 3| 4| 18| 76| 125| 226| 4. 10| 5| Light weight | 35| 20| 15| 12| 10| 92| 1. 67| 2| Comfort | 1| 8| 30| 48| 140| 227| 4. 12| 6| INTERPRETATION: From the above tabl e MICROMAX occupies first place in price, second place in light weight, third place in durability, fourth place in maintenance, fifth place in availability , sixth place in comfort and colour, eighth place in style and design and finally ninth place in comfort.It shows the rank of MICROMAX phones. Table -4. 8 8. The table below shows criteria on which Black berry is rated. Criteria | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Total | Weighed average | Rank | Maintenance | 18| 40| 27| 20| 15| 120| 2. 18| 3| Durability | 10| 35| 5| 3| 2| 117| 2. 12| 2| Style/design | 12| 20| 84| 16| 5| 137| 2. 49| 6| Colour | 9| 26| 75| 20| 15| 145| 2. 63| 8| Size | 5| 64| 39| 12| 10| 130| 2. 36| 4| Price | 5| 6| 12| 60| 140| 223| 4. 05| 9| Availability | 18| 24| 45| 24| 20| 131| 2. 38| 5| Light weight | 8| 46| 45| 20| 20| 139| 2. 52| 7| Comfort | 39| 16| 9| 8| 15| 87| 1. 58| 1| INTERPRETATION:From the above table BLACKBERRY occupies first place in comfort, second place in durability, third place in maintenance, fourth place in size, fifth place in availability, sixth place in style and design, seventh place in light weight, eighth place in colour and finally ninth place in price. It shows the rank of BLACKBERRY phones. Table -4. 9 9. The table below shows criteria on which Samsung is rated. Criteria | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| Total | Weighed average | Rank | Maintenance | 2| 12| 30| 84| 80| 206| 3. 78| 8| Durability | 7| 50| 54| 12| 10| 133| 2. 41| 2| Style/design | 3| 10| 105| 40| 10| 168| 3. 5| 4| Colour | 15| 56| 18| 16| 15| 120| 2. 18| 1| Size | 2| 16| 96| 40| 15| 169| 3. 07| 5| Price | 4| 16| 90| 36| 20| 166| 3. 01| 3| Availability | 2| 10| 33| 132| 20| 197| 3. 58| 6| Light weight | 3| 10| 18| 124| 50| 205| 3. 72| 7| Comfort | 1| 8| 30| 100| 75| 214| 3. 89| 9| INTERPRETATION: From the above table SAMSUNG occupies first place in colour, second place in durability, third place in price, fourth place in style and design, fifth place in size sixth place in availability , seventh place in light weight, eighth place in maintenance and finally ninth place in comfort.It shows the rank of SAMSUNG phones. Table4. 10 10. The below table shows Satisfaction level of service provided by Nokia service centre. S. NO| CRITERIA | NO. OF RESPONDENTS| PERCENTAGE| 1| High satisfied| 19| 35%| 2| Satisfied| 26| 47%| 3| . Not satisfied| 10| 18%| INTERPRETATION: From the above table, out of 55 respondents 35% of respondents are found to be highly satisfied that the gaining satisfaction from service centre. 47% of respondents are found it to be satisfied, 18% of respondents are found to be not satisfied.Chart-4. 10 10. The below chart shows Satisfaction level of service provided by Nokia service centre. Table 4. 11 11. The below table depicts the features that best suits a brand Criteria| Nokia | Percentage | Samsung | Percentage | Others | Percentage | Total | Built in memory | 31| 56%| 17| 31%| 7| 13%| 100%| Software compatibility| 20| 36%| 31| 56%| 4| 7%| 100%| Audio output | 23| 42%| 21| 38%| 11| 20%| 100% | Appearances | 20| 36%| 28| 51%| 7| 13%| 100%| Accessories | 24| 44%| 21| 38%| 10| 18%| 100%| INTERPRETATION: From the above table out of 55 respondents, 56% of respondents are majorly prefer Nokia has built in memory. 31% of respondents are prefer Samsung and 13%of respondents are prefer others. * From the above table out of 55 respondents, 56% of respondents are majorly preferred Samsung has software compatibility, 36% of respondents are prefer Nokia and 7% of respondents are prefer others. * From the above table out of 55 respondents 42% of respondents are majorly preferred Nokia has audio output , 38% of respondents are prefer Samsung and 20% of respondents are prefer others. From the above table out of 55 respondents, 51% of respondents are majorly preferred Samsung in the category of Appearances, 36% of respondents are prefer Nokia, and 13 % of respondents are prefer others. * From the above table out 55 respondents 44% of respondents are majorly preferred Nokia in the criteria of Accessories, 38% of respondents are preferring Samsung, and 18% of respondents are prefer others. Chart -4. 11 11. The below chart depicts the features that best suits a brand Table 4. 12 12. The table below shows the brands which have the better brand image.Particulars | No of respondents| Percentage | Nokia | 21| 38%| Samsung | 18| 33%| Others | 16| 29%| INTERPRETATION: From the above table, out of 55 respondents, 38% of respondents are preferred Nokia have the better brand image, 33% of respondents are prefer Samsung and 29% of respondents are prefer others. Chart 4-12 12. The table chart shows the brands which have the better brand image. Table -4. 13 13. The table below shows brands which have largest service network Particulars | No of respondents| Percentage | Nokia| 24| 44%| Samsung | 21| 38%|Others | 10| 18%| INTERPRETATION: From the above table out of 55 respondents, 44% of the respondents preferred Nokia have largest service network, 38% of the respondents are prefer Samsung and 18% of the respondents are prefer others. Chart -4. 13 13. The chart below shows brands which have largest service network. Table-4. 14 10. The below table shows satisfaction level of service provided by Samsung service center. Particulars | No of respondents| Percentage | Highly satisfied | 21| 38%| Satisfied | 18| 33%| Not satisfied| 16| 29%| INTERPRETATION:From the above table, out of 55 respondents 44% of respondents are found to be highly satisfied that the gaining satisfaction from Samsung service centre. 38% of respondents are found it to be satisfied, 18% of respondents are found to be not satisfied. Chart -4. 14 10. The below chart shows satisfaction level of service provided by Samsung service center. Suggestions given by the people †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. During our survey we asked the people to give some suggestions to the compananies there is similar suggestion for both the companies given by 25 peoples that they should not increase their prices.And 1 suggestions g iven by only 1 person out of 55 that is cellular companies that there should be some function to indicate the person is driving this will not avoid accidents during driving. CHAPTER-5 FINDINGS * 40% respondents are using Samsung. * 44% of respondent are willing to buy apple phones. * 45% of respondents are choosing Nokia for the best battery back. * 53% of respondents prefer Nokia phones as reliable. 3 * 64% of respondents are choosing Samsung in the criteria of android facility. * 47% of respondents are selects Nokia hearing best music. 42% of respondents are choosing Nokia for the internet connection in social networking sites. * 56% of respondents choose Samsung for touch sensitivity. * 40% of respondents are choosing Nokia for the price tags. * 56% of respondents are choosing Nokia for the memory status56% of respondents chooses Samsung has best software compatibility. * 42% of respondents choosing Nokia for the best audio output. * 3. 37% of respondents are choosing Nokia for d urability as first place. * 1. 67% of respondents are choosing Sony Ericson for style and design as fist place. * 1. 0% of respondents are choosing Micromax in the criteria of price tag as first place. * 1. 58% of respondents are choosing Blackberry for comfort as first place. * 2. 18% of respondents are choosing Samsung for colour as first place. * 47% of respondents are satisfied by the Nokia service centre. * 51% of respondents are choosing Nokia for appearance as best. * 44% of respondents are choosing Nokia for the accessories as the best. * 38% respondents are prefer Nokia for the better brand image. * 44% of respondents are prefer Nokia have the largest service network. 38% of respondents are highly satisfied for the service provide by the Samsung service centre. RECOMMENDATION After analyzing all the data we have some recommendations such as:- Advertisements: – Nokia use advertisement mode of promotion after launching a new cell phone in the market. So people don†™t have much knowledge about their latest models. While Samsung have lots of ads in market before launching it EXAMPLE: – * Giving advertisement on television or cable * Giving print media add which explain all the features of cell phone SPECIAL SCHEMES: – Nokia always launch high range products.So to increase the sales it has to give advertisement or special discount or special schemes with every purchase of new cell phone. Samsung have color variety in their cell phones as Nokia don’t have this much. CONCLUSION Nokia and Samsung segment the market on a similar basis. However, they have different interpretations Nokia has saturated the urban market including the B and C class cities and is now targeting potentially untapped markets. Samsung on the other hand has chosen to focus its energies on the B and C class cities since which it had not ventured into so far.The prominent brands in the Indian cellular phone industry are Nokia, Sony Ericsson, apple, and Sam sung. Nokia has the single largest market share in India of 60%. We have analysed that Nokia is better than Samsung. Nokia and also on one of its major competitors; Samsung since these are very prominent players in the Indian market. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS * Kothari, C. R. (2007), Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, INTERNET: 1. www. wikipedia. com 2. www. projectsmonitor. com 3. http://www. nokia. com 4. www. samsung . com 5. www. businesstoday . com 6. www. economictimes . com

War Destroys Innocence

Also, soldiers In the war never had a chance to live their youth because they had to go to war. Just as they should be starting their lives, they were forced to drop everything at once and put their life on the line. In â€Å"Peace†, it reveals that the soldiers are not in the war for themselves, but for God and for their country. Since they are doing this, their senses sharpen, and their youth fades away. If war does not kill you physically, then It will emotionally. Its a simple fact, war Is destruction at Its best.It does not only destroy lives, but emotions. The theme of â€Å"All Quiet on the Western Front† perfectly presents how war destroys innocence. † generation of men who, even though they may have escaped shells, were destroyed by the war†(Armature Prologue). Even though war does not always physically injure someone, it can emotionally scar them for the rest of their lives. The incidents that happen while people are at war are hard to forget about . They are metal images that cannot be erased. Naught broken save this body, lost but breath† (Brooke 11).This quote from â€Å"Peace† Indicates that yes, the soldiers were saved, but they're soul destroyed on the Inside. Nothing was saved, but the body. The comrades in the war had to quickly erase their youth and prepare for the worst. However, there is only so much you can prepare for. They were quickly broken down and forced to grow up no matter the occasion. â€Å"All Quiet on the Western Front†delays why war destroys youth. ‘We had to recognize that our generation was more to be trusted than Armature 12).Most of the soldiers were young, around eighteen to twenty-one years old. They never had a chance to live their youth years because they had to go to war. Right when they should be starting a new chapter In their life, they have to risk their lives and fight for their country. â€Å"For us lads of eighteen they ought to have been mediators and guides to the world of maturity to the future in our hearts we trusted them. The idea of authority, which they represented, was associated in our minds with a greater Insight and a more humane 12), In â€Å"AllQuiet on the Western Front† Paul and his comrades must determine what is correct since the older generation is incapable of helping them and being the supervisors that they are supposed to be. War destroys youth Is portrayed In â€Å"Peace† because the soldiers lose themselves and become animal-Like men. â€Å"And half-men and their dirty songs and dreary'(Brooke 7). When at the front, the soldiers lose their humanity. â€Å"Just as we turn 1 OFF Into animals when we go up to ten Ellen †¦ So we turn Into wags Ana looters when we are resting†¦.We want to live at any price; so we cannot burden ourselves with feelings which, though they may be ornamental enough in peacetime, would be out of place here†(Armature 138-139). When soldiers were giving up their humanity, they were giving up their youth as well. The soldiers lost their whole selves in the war; especially when they were on the front. They could not think like human. In order to survive the anxieties of war, Paul explains that he and his comrades would have to disconnect themselves from their emotions.The only way of surviving the war notionally is if it is avoided in thoughts. If it is not avoided, then the grief, despair, and fear would drive a man insane. Only an adult would be capable of doing this. No child or young man could. This is a perfect example of how war destroys youth. The war caused the soldiers to grow up fast. If they did not, they would not survive in any way. Mouth! We are none of us more than twenty years old. But young? Youth? That is long ago. We are old folk† (Armature 18). Armature refers to the men as â€Å"Iron Youth†.The men are still young but they have a feeling of strength and being invincible on the inside and out. The soldiers ar e no longer part of society. After the war they could not go back and live their lives like nothing happened. They have grown up in a way no one will ever understand. Most of the veterans from World War I stayed in the army because they did not believe they belonged anywhere else. They considered war their home. The soldiers lost their youth from the beginning of their journey in war. War destroyed the innocence of the veterans in World War l. There was no way of regaining what they lost.

Free Essays on Gotic Cathedrals

Gothic Cathedrals â€Å"Throughout the earlier half of this millennium, one of the grandest stories in European history was written†¦ primarily in stone,† (Gothic Dreams 1). The Gothic age was a time of overwhelming change in the area of architecture. The origin of intellectual and religious life consumed definitively from monasteries to cities, making gothic art much more democratic. Art had to also serve a dictatic purpose during a time where few people could read or write (Norwich 114). Italian Renaissance writers originally used the word gothic as a derogatory term for all architects and artists in the middle ages, which were compared to the works of the barbarian Goths. Although now the Gothic Age is considered Europe’s internationally acclaimed, it began as a regional phenomenon (Kleiner 488). The gothic style was first recognized in northern France around 1140 A.D., during the last major medieval period, immediately following the Romanesque period. Gothic art would dominate European architectural development for nearly four hundred years (Gothic Dreams 1). These advances that were made in the cathedrals were regarded not as distortions of the classical style, but as images of the City of God, the Heavenly Jerusalem, which they had built on earth. While bishops erected great new cathedrals reaching to the skies. The structural miracle was achieved as the result of man’s ceaseless striving to build vertically (Norwich 115). â€Å"The high vault, functionally so unnecessary, was mainly responsible for the cathedral taking the particular form that they do,† (Norwich 115). A new spirit had been leashed: less cloistered and introspective, more confident and optimistic. These churches Were symbols of civic pride, and for the first time since the very beginning of Christian art, an appreciation of nature. The growth of towns particularly in France, as they became more prosperous, wanted their own churches, c... Free Essays on Gotic Cathedrals Free Essays on Gotic Cathedrals Gothic Cathedrals â€Å"Throughout the earlier half of this millennium, one of the grandest stories in European history was written†¦ primarily in stone,† (Gothic Dreams 1). The Gothic age was a time of overwhelming change in the area of architecture. The origin of intellectual and religious life consumed definitively from monasteries to cities, making gothic art much more democratic. Art had to also serve a dictatic purpose during a time where few people could read or write (Norwich 114). Italian Renaissance writers originally used the word gothic as a derogatory term for all architects and artists in the middle ages, which were compared to the works of the barbarian Goths. Although now the Gothic Age is considered Europe’s internationally acclaimed, it began as a regional phenomenon (Kleiner 488). The gothic style was first recognized in northern France around 1140 A.D., during the last major medieval period, immediately following the Romanesque period. Gothic art would dominate European architectural development for nearly four hundred years (Gothic Dreams 1). These advances that were made in the cathedrals were regarded not as distortions of the classical style, but as images of the City of God, the Heavenly Jerusalem, which they had built on earth. While bishops erected great new cathedrals reaching to the skies. The structural miracle was achieved as the result of man’s ceaseless striving to build vertically (Norwich 115). â€Å"The high vault, functionally so unnecessary, was mainly responsible for the cathedral taking the particular form that they do,† (Norwich 115). A new spirit had been leashed: less cloistered and introspective, more confident and optimistic. These churches Were symbols of civic pride, and for the first time since the very beginning of Christian art, an appreciation of nature. The growth of towns particularly in France, as they became more prosperous, wanted their own churches, c...

The final product Essay Example

The final product Essay Example The final product Paper The final product Paper Abstract: In this experiment three Werner complexes, hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride, pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride and hexaamminenickel(II) chloride were synthesized so their structural formula could be examined through magnetic susceptibility, electronic conductance measurements and the analysis of free chloride in the two cobalt complexes through titrations of silver nitrate. Cobalt (III) coordination compounds usually only form in low spin, octahedral complexes where the all t2g are paired leaving all the eg unpaired; whereas nickel(II) complexes are usually formed in the high spin state1. Through these analytical methods, it was found that: hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride has three free chloride ions to form the complex [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, in the low-spin state. Pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride and hexaamminenickel(II) chloride both have two free chlorine ions to form the complexes [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 and [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 respectively. As expected, pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride has a low spin electron arrangement, and hexaamminenickel(II) chloride is in a high spin state. Introduction: Alfred Werner was the first to discover the structure for coordination compound in 1893, thus they were given the name Werner Complexes. For this research he was given the Nobel Prize in 1913. Werner complexes are complex ions that contain a transition metal in the center, which is surrounded by anionic or neutral ligands. 2 The metal in this case acts as a Lewis acid (electron pair accepting) and the anionic ligands act as a Lewis base (electron pair donating). Using pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride, Co(NH3)3Cl3, as an example, there are four possible structures depending on how the ligands are arranged. [Co(NH3)3Cl3] + 3NH3 In this case, all the chlorine anions are bound directly to the cobalt metal, and three neutral amine molecules are present somewhere else in the crystal lattice [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ + Cl- + 2NH3 Here, two chlorines are directly bound to the cobalt metal with two neutral non boding amine molecules. There is also one free chlorine anion to balance the charge of the cobalt complex. [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+ + 2Cl- + NH3 The third possible arrangement is where there is one chlorine attached to the central cobalt with a single amine molecule elsewhere in the lattice. Again, there are two free chloride ions to balance the charge [Co(NH3)5]3+ + 3Cl- Finally, the cobalt complex can be arranged with just the amine ligands directly bound to it in a square pyramidal geometry instead of a more stable octahedral geometry seen in the other three complexes. This leaves the three chlorine anions non-bonded, and counterbalancing the 3+ charge from the complex. To find the actual arrangement and geometry of the three complexes, conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility and free chloride ions through titrations can be measured and analyzed. Electronic conductance measurements helps determine the amount of chloride ions not attached to the metal. This is possible because when dissolving a salt in water, the molecule separates into cations and anions, each which can conduct electricity. The conductance measured can be compared to a literature reference of how many total ions correspond to the value. With this, logically dividing the charges between the cations and anions present will help determine the overall structure of the molecule. The second technique for determining the amount of ions present in a Werner complex is magnetic susceptibility. With finding the magnetic susceptibility using a magnetic susceptibility of a compound, one can calculate whether the compound is paramagnetic or diamagnetic. If the mass magnetic susceptibility, ? g, is negative, then the compound is diamagnetic; however, if ? g is positive, then the compound is paramagnetic. The apparatus used for this experiment is a Evans/Johnson Mathey Magnetic Susceptibility Balance. The last technique used was titrating a sample with silver nitrate. Since the three samples contain chloride ions, titrating it with silver nitrate would precipitate silver chloride, which is very insoluble. Based on the volume of silver nitrate used to reach the end point, one can calculate the amount of silver chloride precipitated. The amount of silver chloride precipitated is also the amount of free chloride ions in the mixture. Comparing the ratio of moles of silver nitrate used to the moles of analyte in the mixture will show the amount of non-bonding chlorine present. Procedure and observations: Synthesis of hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride: The synthesis was started by adding cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate(4. 690g) and ammonium chloride (2.946g) to water(5mL) which formed a purple solution from the original red/pink powder. This solution was heated up and turned dark blue once it was all dissolved. Activating charcoal was then added as a catalyst the solution was then black with a slight blue tint. Afterwards, concentrated ammonia (9. 8mL) was added to the mixture. This created a very dark red solution, but upon setting, the color eventually faded to yellow with a bit of red in it. With this, the solution was then cooled in a tab water bath and hydrogen peroxide (10. 0mL, 6%) was added and heated to 65 degrees Celsius for 17 minutes. To crystallize, the solution was then places in another tap water bath, proceeded by an ice water bath. The brown crystals were then filtered by vacuum filtration and transferred to another beaker containing concentrated hydrochloric acid (2. 1mL) and water (41. 0mL). After all the crystals were dissolved, they were filtered by gravity filtration and washed with water (1. 7mL). The red/gold filtrate was collected, and another portion of concentrated hydrochloric acid(5. 2mL) was added. The filtrate was then cooled on ice to crystallize once more. Upon cooling, the solution turned bright orange. The sides of the erlenmeyer flask had to be scratched vigorously to help induce the production of crystals. Finally, the crystals were filtered once more by vacuum filtration, and dried between two pieces of large filter paper. The final product were bright orange crystals(0. 123g) at a 2. 36% yield. Synthesis of pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride: To start the synthesis, solid ammonium chloride (7. 560g) was added to a beaker containing ammonia (44. 6mL, 14M). While stirring, finely powdered cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (7. 465g) was slowly added.

The Function of The

The Function of The The Function of â€Å"The† The Function of â€Å"The† By Mark Nichol I found it interesting, when researching this topic, that the definition for the in Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary is nearly as long as this post and that’s for just one set of functions for the word, as a definite article. The also functions, less often, as an adverb (â€Å"I like that one the best†) and, rarely, a preposition used in place of per (â€Å"Those cost ten dollars the dozen†). And why should anyone feel the need to look the up in the dictionary? Isn’t it obvious? When it comes to meaning, yes, the role of the in a sentence is clear. But it’s not always clear whether the cast of characters in the sentence must include that role. Consider the sentence â€Å"I looked out over the land.† The writer describes surveying a particular plot of land. However, â€Å"The price of land has gone down lately† omits the because no specific plot of land is being discussed; the topic is the concept of land in general. But notice that in these nearly identical sentences, the difference in meaning seems to be the reverse of the difference in the previous paragraph: â€Å"I poured water out of the pitcher† explains what was poured, whereas â€Å"I poured the water out of the pitcher† emphasizes where the water came from. Notice, however, that in those examples and the pair that follow, the is a marker for a second reference: â€Å"I put the shoes on and walked outside† emphasizes the particular pair of shoes, which presumably have already been referred to. â€Å"I put shoes on and walked outside† calls no special attention to the shoes; the sentence merely describes the writer’s routine preliminary to leaving the premises. Sometimes the presence or absence or the in a sentence is irrelevant; the person quoted could have employed either usage: â€Å"She’ll have the strawberry cheesecake† identifies the particular dessert a diner wishes to be served, one either visible to the speaker or listed on a menu a literal or implied second reference. â€Å"She’ll have strawberry cheesecake† means the same thing with the subtle difference that the speaker is not directly alluding to the dessert selection visible in the form of a slice or a reference in text. However, in the case of the pair of sentences about the shoes, the previous reference may be very important; these are magic shoes we’re reading about, for example. â€Å"I put shoes on and walked outside† presumably leaves the unusual footwear behind; â€Å"I put the shoes on and walked outside† moves the plot along. The is deliberately omitted in many types of usage. For instance, most references to countries (â€Å"Afghanistan,† â€Å"Zimbabwe†) need no definite article, nor do references to their citizens (â€Å"Afghanis,† Zimbabweans†), unless, again, a particular subgroup is in question (â€Å"The Afghanis in the tour group kept to themselves†). Exceptions include use of â€Å"the Netherlands† and similar geographically influenced names. The same rule applies to names of other geographical or geopolitical features (â€Å"Mount Everest,† but â€Å"the Himalayas†; â€Å"Hawaii,† but â€Å"the Hawaiian Islands†; â€Å"Lake Tahoe†, but â€Å"the Great Salt Lake†). Oddly, writers who would never make the mistake of omitting the before â€Å"Netherlands† or â€Å"Hawaiian Islands† frequently refrain from preceding names of organizations: â€Å"March of Dimes Foundation was founded in 1938.† Admittedly, some names do not merit the definite article, but they are usually obvious (â€Å"Project Reason,† â€Å"People for the American Way†). However, logic should override poor usage. The People for the American Way Foundation, associated with the organization named in the latter example, incorrectly self-identifies as â€Å"People for the American Way Foundation.† The rule of thumb is that any organizational name ending in a word referring to the entity (foundation, organization, project, etc.) requires the definite article, just as a generic reference such as â€Å"the foundation† merits it. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive At50 Latin Phrases You Should KnowForming the Comparative of One-syllable Adjectives

Insuring presence in the classroom and the school as an educational Assignment

Insuring presence in the classroom and the school as an educational leader - Assignment Example The second strategy used by the educational leader is planning. He plans the lecture before appearing in the class on stage in advance. This helps him divide different parts of the lecture according to breaks within the class and the total time he has for the lecture. As a result of this, no time is wasted and the lecture is delivered without having any time wasted or having the students feel lethargic. The educational leader keeps a schedule with him. Knowledge of the lectures and their time and location helps the educational leader not only prepare the lectures in time but also settle other businesses according to the lectures’ schedule. Last but not the least, the rules established by the principal make the educational leader conscious about being punctual. Such rules include but are not limited to marking of the attendance, and imposition of fine for being

2-3 paragraphs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2-3 paragraphs - Essay Example This debate on whether viruses are living or non-living continues, and challenges our very definition of what is alive and what is not. Viruses are thought to be not alive on their own, but with a potential for life if they can find a host. All living beings have a critical complexity which lets them autonomously perform metabolic functions for their own survival and since viruses lack this critical complexity, they are on the edge of life. They are not fully alive but not completely inert either, as they can affect living beings in tremendous ways. The genetic code of the Mimivirus, for instance, is extremely complex, and makes it quite similar to parasitic cellular organisms. It is in this complexity of genetical make-up that the true significance of a virus lies, because it enables the virus to program the host cells in ways that could unexpectedly change the direction of the host’s evolution as some of the virus’s genome becomes a permanent part of a host’s genome. Some of the genomes that may seem to have come into the human genetic make-up through bacteria may have actually originated in a virus. Thus, despite being on the borderline of life, the role of viruses in living beings and evolution needs to be considered at length in order to fully understand the nature of life and its

Sx-wk11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sx-wk11 - Essay Example EFT has nine steps that couples are led through and each one builds upon the other. There needs to be more multicultural research in this area to find out how EFT will work with a variety of couples. All of these challenges will prevent a couple from having a satisfying, enriching and intimate sexual relationship. As Humphrey (2007) stated, couples who are attached securely to themselves and other people will be better able to commit to each other within their couple relationship. Personally, I felt that attachment theory is very relevant to all types of relationships because people have to understand how to get close with each other if they want to move into sexual relationships. I think that attachments start by becoming friends and learning about each other. As the relationship progresses, if both individuals have formed secure attachments in their earlier relationships, a sexual relationship will happen easily and when it is time. Older people have always been an interesting aspect of my interest. Generally, they seem to be very active and very much alive. I have seen many elderly people who are still very active sexually. I think that although they may have physical problems, they do not have to stop living their lives. I agree that we need to "develop effective and safe treatments for these sexual problems". One of the challenges with this I believe is that there are many stereotyped ideas that people have regarding how people are when they are older. Many facilities that have older people will deny that they are sexually active; in fact, many discourage this activity. However, people in close quarters do fall in love just like anyone else and they should be allowed to have sex naturally in the way they would if they were living at home. I agree that mental healthcare professionals and healthcare personnel should make

The impact of digital technologies on young children's learning in Research Proposal - 1

The impact of digital technologies on young children's learning in Saudi kindergartens - Research Proposal Example However, these INGOs have been reported to face ethical challenges when executing their operations in different countries due to various reasons. This paper explores one of the ethical dilemmas these INGOs encounter. To achieve this goal, the paper utilizes scholarly works on human rights and humanitarian INGOs that are currently available. Some of the ethical dilemmas encountered by the human rights and humanitarian rights INGOs include: the ethical limits of raising funds, decision to collaborate or not to collaborate with governments, the decision to expand or limit their mandate in different territories, and conflicts that arise between local cultural norms and human rights (Bell & Carens, 2004, p. 303, 309,320, 324). For the purpose of this paper, the conflict between human rights and cultural norms is discussed in detail. Bell and Carens (2004, p. 303) observed that the majority of the humanitarian and human rights INGOs have their central location in western nations. It is from these headquarters where they coordinate most of their operations across the globe. Due to the limited knowledge on the culture, economic standing and language these INGOs have on the people they are to serve in some of the distant countries, they are faced with difficulties on how to effectively structure their typical operations and organizational management to meet these people’s needs without creating a conflict of interests (Bell & Carens, 2004, p. 303-304). Tolerating clashing beliefs, challenging local cultural norms, and revisiting the basic roles and practices of the Human Rights INGOs are some of the mechanisms that Bell and Carens suggest to help resolve this dilemma. Tolerating Clashing Beliefs. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the procedure that entails removal of part or whole female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for

Cybercrime Investigation and Digital Forensics Assignment

Cybercrime Investigation and Digital Forensics - Assignment Example At the same time, this provides backdoors for hackers to intrude into the healthcare information systems and get access to highly confidential information like patient medical reports, lab results, and other potentially lucrative information like insurance details. When a healthcare industry’s data is being breached, it not only results in financial and reputation crisis to the industry and the specific organization but also causes dramatic effects to the patients depending on the nature of the disclosed data. When such incidents happen, digital forensics renders a helping hand in investigating the potential crime scene with evidences that can be presented for prosecution. This report provides a detailed description about the investigation procedure from a perspective of a cyber forensic company’s lead forensics investigator which would help in identifying and prosecuting a potential breach incident that happened in a healthcare company. To begin with, it would be more appropriate to explain our company’s approach in providing the overall plan for processing the potential crime incident that has occurred in a healthcare company. Our investigation team comprises of security and digital forensic professionals who work in close coherence with highly experienced corporate investigators and well trained background verification team (â€Å"Investigating a data breach,† n. d). Whenever data breach incidents happen, our response team would provide complete guidance regarding the post incident proceedings and provide services highly specific to the requirement of the healthcare industry. Our overall planning process comprises of collecting and securing the digital evidences, visualizing indications for data breach using a triage approach, rigorous analysis of evidences, presenting the investigation results for prosecution, and providing remediation for preventing future reoccurrences (Nelson,

Case study on the overall audit process Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

On the overall audit process - Case Study Example They did not aid the embezzlers, did not know about the embezzlement, and did not perform recklessly. But they failed to comply adequately with GAAS and thus failed their role as auditors. Not knowing about the embezzlement was the problem: It is the role of an auditor to discover embezzlement, financial impropriety and dishonesty. The definition of â€Å"duty of care† has changed over the centuries of auditing tradition. In 1896, Justice Lopes defined the duty of care thusly: â€Å"It is the duty of an auditor to bring to bear on the work he has to perform that skill, care and caution which a reasonably careful, cautious auditor would use...An auditor is not bound to be a detective, or, as was said to approach his work with suspicion, or with a forgone conclusion that there is something wrong. He is a watchdog, not a bloodhound. He is justified in believing tried servants of the company in whom confidence is placed by the company. He is entitled to assume that they are honest and rely upon their representations, provided he takes reasonable care† (Morgan, 2000). Under this standard, Mitchell & Moss did no wrong. But this standard is no longer sufficient, especially as the complexity of financial transactions mount. In 1958, Lord Denning established a new norm: â€Å"To perform his task properly he must come to it with an enquiring mind - not suspicious of dishonesty - but suspecting that someone may have made a mistake somewhere and that a check must be made to ensure that there has been none†. Finally, in 1997, UK Law changed to require a â€Å"suspicious† attitude. US law is the same now: Mitchell & Moss acted as watchdogs, not bloodhounds, and thus were deficient and negligent. The United States GAAS is now divided into ten standards split into three categories. Mitchell & Moss clearly were adequately trained and proficient, independent and used professional care (AICPA). But where Mitchell and Moss failed is

Cybercrime Investigation and Digital Forensics Assignment

Cybercrime Investigation and Digital Forensics - Assignment Example At the same time, this provides backdoors for hackers to intrude into the healthcare information systems and get access to highly confidential information like patient medical reports, lab results, and other potentially lucrative information like insurance details. When a healthcare industry’s data is being breached, it not only results in financial and reputation crisis to the industry and the specific organization but also causes dramatic effects to the patients depending on the nature of the disclosed data. When such incidents happen, digital forensics renders a helping hand in investigating the potential crime scene with evidences that can be presented for prosecution. This report provides a detailed description about the investigation procedure from a perspective of a cyber forensic company’s lead forensics investigator which would help in identifying and prosecuting a potential breach incident that happened in a healthcare company. To begin with, it would be more appropriate to explain our company’s approach in providing the overall plan for processing the potential crime incident that has occurred in a healthcare company. Our investigation team comprises of security and digital forensic professionals who work in close coherence with highly experienced corporate investigators and well trained background verification team (â€Å"Investigating a data breach,† n. d). Whenever data breach incidents happen, our response team would provide complete guidance regarding the post incident proceedings and provide services highly specific to the requirement of the healthcare industry. Our overall planning process comprises of collecting and securing the digital evidences, visualizing indications for data breach using a triage approach, rigorous analysis of evidences, presenting the investigation results for prosecution, and providing remediation for preventing future reoccurrences (Nelson,

Why might some SME owners give more preference to family involvement Essay

Why might some SME owners give more preference to family involvement in the management of SMEs compared to others - Essay Example ssary ambition to devote their skills in ensuring that the businesses survives the threats of the environment to achieve growth and the overall maximisation of profits (Eisenhardt 2009, p. 78). The following discussion shall evaluate on the several aspects that SME owners evaluate to resolve on the appointment of family members to the management of the businesses as of importance. With the growing competition and the need to grow the segments of operations in order to yield and accrue the benefits born to economies of scale, SME owners acknowledge that managerial positions should be directed to family members since they have a stake in the businesses. Small microenterprise businesses contribute to the biggest percentage of all global businesses. Therefore, competition is evident for each of the business seeks to prosper in growth and profitability over other common and many other entities with similar production and market objectives (Habbershon, Williams, & MacMillan2003, p. 87). SME owners are knowledgeable of the fact that other similar businesses in their segment of operation may engage in unethical ways to amass relevant, but secret information that will serve for the benefit of the competitors. The practice of appointing learned family members to such positions is the fact that the owners are knowledgeable of the positive influences such individuals bear (Gomez-Meja, Nunez-Nickel, & Gutierrez 2011, p. 90). Notably, the appointment of family members following a certain protocol of tangible and intangible forms of incentives serve for the benefit of the organization since such managers realize the importance in ensuring successful outcomes and limited threats to their organisations (Martà ­nez, Stà ¶hr, & Quiroga, 2007, p. 90). Agreements signed entitle an individual to manage the SME as a family business and further as an honourable job position with its interest after some time without necessarily being physically active (Eisenhardt 2009, p. 88). This helps

Social Policy Essay Example for Free

Social Policy Essay Explain the meaning of the term ‘social policy’ and discuss how social policy is applied in practice, drawing upon the major milestones in the development of the British welfare state. For the purpose of this assignment I intend to discuss in great detail social policy and how it is applied in practice, using examples from mainly voluntary sectors. I will also discuss the introduction of the Beverage report in 1948 and Margaret Thatcher’s move to the new right approach in 1979 in regards to being the two major milestones within the development of the welfare state. Social Policy is a study of the social services and the welfare state, the welfare state being anything that helps people get back on their feet after hardship, this is not always in regards to money it can sometimes relate to resources. Social Policy it looks at socially constructed issues such as divorce, unemployment, crime and it aims to improve them by making positive changes. Social policy also looks at vulnerable people in society such as single parents, elderly people, disabled people and looks at ways in which they can be supported. Social policy is not always legislation it can be looked at more along the lines of trial and error, almost like guidelines or aims something to be worked towards achieving. It is not always effective depending on how beneficial or valuable it is and whether or not people choose to conform. Although most sociologist wouldn’t agree on social policy and the definitions may vary depending on whether the sociologist is left or right wing. Left wing approach supports social equality and discourages hierarchy, whilst looking out for and supporting disadvantaged individuals within society. In contrast to this is the right wing approach which accepts hierarchy and social inequalities, and views them as inevitable. It is very much a functionalist approach seeing hierarchy as necessary for society to function. Ways in which social policy is put into place are through projects such as The New Economic Foundation also known as the NEF they work with people within society as well as the government, businesses and academic sources to help improve society as a whole tackling all areas surrounding the nvironment, economy and society. NEF are an independent registered charity who are funded by, grants and donations, individual followers and earned income â€Å"Our individual supporters gave a total of ? 121,860 this year† (NEF, 2013). There is also David Cameron’s Big Society, which aims to concentrate on welfare being provided more through voluntary sectors rather than the state, this in turn aims to give communities more control over issues such as public service s, schools and housing. It also encourages and financially supports people working towards a better future, to enable them to improve their circumstances. â€Å"A strong, diverse, well-capitalised and sustainable social investment market in the UK, through which social sector organisations can access appropriate and affordable finance and support to grow their impact on society. † (Big society, 2013) There are believed to have been two major milestones in the development of the British welfare state, one of which was the implementation of The Beverage report in 1948, this was introduced by William Beveridge after the war to help maintain control. The Beveridge report was very much a left wing approach, based on and supported by social democracy, he had the idea that everybody needs to work together in order to reduce inequalities and believed it was the responsibility of the government to help and support citizens who needed it. He identified 5 social evils that needed to be overcome in order for society to function, Ignorance (education) , squalor (housing), want (need), idleness (unemployment) and finally disease (health) for the purpose of his assignment I will be concentrating on disease, this was combated by the introduction of the National Health Service, most commonly known as the NHS. This was introduced in 1948 and provided free healthcare for the state, it provided security from the cradle to the grave. The second of the major milestones was Margaret Thatcher’s move to the new right approach in 1979, as a conservative her approach was very much a right wing approach, she questioned the social democracy, she reduced welfare spending and she sold off council houses. Margaret Thatcher also challenged the method of delivering welfare. Social democracy which was favoured by the UK government following the war was based on the theory of John Keynes  and was implemented through the Beveridge report, this theory believed it was necessary for the government to intervene within the economy and thought society should work together to help each other, the strong supporting the weak. The new right theory which was dominant in 1979, supported the capitalist system and believed it was cable of providing wealth for everyone, they believe that the government should not intervene with the market system via taxes, or welfare as the market system makes sure prices and wages meet supply and demand ensuring employment for all. It sees the welfare state as being unnecessary and although it shouldn’t be eliminated entirely they believe it should follow a residual model, which is basically only the deserving poor should be given minimal benefits, thus making the rich richer and he poor poorer. Margaret Thatcher’s challenging attitude towards the delivery method of welfare introduced welfare pluralism, also known as mixed economy welfare, meaning that the welfare is not provided only by the state it is made up of 4 different sectors. Government agencies, which is the welfare state, advantages of this would be that there is very little chance of bankruptcy within this sector as the government can raise taxes to maintain welfare for those who require it, this way of providing welfare also ensures that only qualified individuals can work within this sector maintaining a high standard of care which can be equally distributed throughout the whole country, the disadvantages of this method of welfare are that specialist care such as elderly people is overlooked and it is possible that they would benefit more from voluntary care rather than the state, it creates higher taxes as people now have longer life expectancies and it can also create dependency upon the state giving people no motivation. Voluntary Organisations, which is charities this can be cheaper as volunteers and donations are used, and as previously discussed can attend to specific needs better than the state such as elderly, people suffering with HIV or dea ling with domestic abuse. Disadvantages of this are that if the charity fails to get funding the care may not be available long term, also due to funding welfare may not be distributed evenly across the country. In addition to this volunteers may lack qualifications and training. Private Sector, which is profit making companies because of their profit making nature the quality of care can often be better in the hopes to attract business, there is also more of an element of choice within this sector. Although like the voluntary sector if the business ends the service provided will be terminated, and the private sector is only really available to those with money. Informal Sector, this is where welfare is provided by the family. Although it promotes independence and saves the government money it is very much a New Right view upon which the care responsibilities fall on women and in some cases young children who are more often than not lacking in resources. As you can see Margaret Thatcher and William Beveridge had a huge impact on the development of the British welfare state, whether some would agree or disagree that all changes where positive they have never the less influenced the British society we live in today. Although there is still controversy in regards to certain aspects of the welfare state, recently there has been argument by Iain Duncan Smith, the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions in regards to pensioners and their benefits â€Å"Wealthy elderly people who do not need benefits to help with fuel bills, TV licences or free travel should return the money, the work and pensions secretary says. † (BBC, 2013). This has created huge controversy as people feel that after such a long time of paying into the system that they are deserving of these benefits and may also discourage people from paying into the system in future, this is a situation in which the trial and error of social policy would be applicable. Reference List: NEF. (2013). Who funds us. [Online]Available: http://www. neweconomics. org/pages/who-funds-us. [Accessed 10th May 2013]. Big Society Capital. (2013). OUR VISION AND MISSION. [Online] Available from: http://www. bigsocietycapital. com/our-vision-and-mission. [Accessed 10th May 2013]. BBC News UK. (2013). Iain Duncan Smith urges wealthy elderly to hand back benefits. [Online] Available from: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/uk-22327335. [Accessed: 10th May 2013].

Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources

Renewable And Non Renewable Energy Sources The world provides everything to human. The resources make people live better and better. There are many forms of resources; different resources have completely different functions and effects to people. People should protect them because some of them are not renewable. I will introduce the different types of resources, they are renewable or non-renewable and a lot of things about environment in this research. More and more industries are building up in the world. The pollutions are more serious than before. People cannot live without nice environment, so we should get some solutions for those pollutions. If people do not stop making pollutions, the consequences will be horrible and bad to human. Because everything is connected, no one can escape from it. World is our home, we should understand it, respect it and love it. Resources can be separated to be renewable and non-renewable. Or resources can be separated to be those five kinds: mineral resources, energy resources, land resources, water resources and biological resources. Mineral resources: All of minerals are non-renewable resource. Minerals include all materials extracted from the earth. Mineral resources include: Metallic minerals: iron, copper, aluminum, lead, zinc, tin and so onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Non-metallic minerals like limestone, sandstone, sand, clay and so onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ South Africas wealth has been built on the countrys vast resources nearly 90% of the platinum metals on Earth, 80% of the manganese, 73% of the chrome, 45% of the vanadium and 41% of the gold. Energy resources in the world: Coal-Non-renewable. Oil and gas-Non-renewable. Coal, oil and gas are called fossil fuels because they have been formed from the organic remains of prehistoric plants and animals. Thats why they are non-renewable. Except those three kinds of energy resources, most of other energy resources are renewable resources. Name of Energy Resources Non-renewable or Renewable Wind power Renewable Wave power Renewable Solar power Renewable Nuclear power Non-renewable Tidal power Renewable Hydroelectric power Renewable Geothermal power Renewable Bio mass Renewable Pumped storage Renewable Land resources-Renewable Water resources-Renewable Biological resources-Renewable Sustainability of energy resources: Definition: Sustainable energy is about using energy cleverly and using energy generated from pure sources and clean technologies. Using sustainable energy is benefit for humans present and future. Being efficient with our energy will reduce energy bills, reduce the amount of energy we need to produce in the first place and decrease pollutions. In fact, sustainable energy is not just about using renewable energy; perhaps it is about using energy wisely and introducing energy efficiency measures. Energy demand A number of factors are clearly. The worlds population will continue to grow for several decades at least. Energy demand increases faster and faster, and the proportion supplied by electricity will also grow faster still. The main question is how people generate that electricity? According to surveys, these days, 64% comes from fossil fuels, 16% from nuclear fission and 19% from hydro, with very little from other renewable in worldwide. Sources of energy Renewable energy like wind and solar are appropriate first consideration in sustainable development, because apart from constructing the plant, there is no destroy of mineral resources and no direct air or water pollutions. But these free sources cannot be the only option. Renewable sources other than hydro notably wind and solar, are diffuse and unreliable by nature of their occurrence. Except for renewable resources, another most important thing is what resources have most abundant and less polluting. The criteria for any acceptable energy supply will continue to be cost and safety, as well as environmental considerations. Energy resources There is abundant coal in many parts of the world, but with the constraints imposed by concern about global warming, it is likely that these will increasingly their large-scale use for electricity production will be scaled down. Current proposals for clean coal technologies may change this outlook. The main technology involves using the coal to make hydrogen from water by a two-stage gasification process, then burying the carbon dioxide and burning the hydrogen. Elements of the technology are proven but the challenge is to bring the cost of this down sufficiently to compete with nuclear power. Natural gas is also reasonably abundant but is so valuable for direct use after being reticulated to the point where heat is required, and as a chemical feedstock, that its large-scale use for power generation makes little sense and is arguably unsustainable. Fuel for nuclear power is abundant, and if well-proven but currently uneconomic fast breeder technology is used, or thorium becomes a nuclear fuel, the supply is almost limitless. The Hydrogen problems Hydrogen is expected to come into great demand as a transport fuel which does not contribute to global warming. It may be used in fuel cells to produce electricity or directly in internal combustion motors. Fuel cells are at an early stage of technological development and still require substantial, research and development input, although they will be an important technology in the future. Hydrogen may be provided by steam reforming of natural gas by thermonuclear processes, or by electrolysis of water. Advantages and disadvantages of energy resources: Name of energy resources Advantages Fossil fuels Very large amounts of electricity, fairly cheaply. Gas-fired power stations are very efficient. The power station can be built almost anywhere. Wind power Wind is free, wind farms need no fuel. Wave power The energy is free no fuel needed, no waste produced. Not expensive to operate and maintain. Solar power Solar energy is free and no pollutions. Nuclear power Nuclear power costs about the same as coal, so its not expensive to make. Produces small wastes. Nuclear power is reliable. Tidal power Once youve built it, tidal power is free. It produces no greenhouse gases or other waste. It produces electricity reliably. Not expensive to maintain. Hydroelectric power Once the dam is built, the energy is virtually free. No waste or pollution produced. Much more reliable than wind, solar or wave power. Geothermal power Geothermal energy does not produce any pollution, and does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. Once youve built a geothermal power station, the energy is almost free. Bio mass It makes sense to use waste materials where we can. The fuel tends to be cheap. Less demand on the fossil fuels. Pumped storage Little effect on the landscape. No pollution or waste Conclusion: Most of those energy resources have below advantages: No pollution. No waste. Cheap some of them free. Build up stations easily. Power is reliable. Name of energy resources Disadvantages Fossil fuels Burning any fossil fuel produces carbon dioxide, which contributes to the greenhouse effect, warming the Earth. Pollution. Wind power The wind is not always predictable. Suitable areas for wind-expensive. Can kill birds. Wave power Depends on the waves sometimes youll get loads Solar power Doesnt work at night. Very expensive to build solar power stations. Can be unreliable. Nuclear power Although not much waste is produced, it is very, very dangerous. Tidal power A barrage across an estuary is very expensive to build, and affects a very wide area. Only provides power for around 10 hours each day, when the tide is actually moving in or out. There are few suitable sites for tidal barrages Hydroelectric power The dams are very expensive to build. Building a large dam will flood a very large area upstream, causing problems for animals that used to live there. Water quality and quantity downstream can be affected, which can have an impact on plant life. Geothermal power The big problem is that there are not many places where you can build a geothermal power station. You need hot rocks of a suitable type, at a depth where we can drill down to them. Bio mass Collecting or growing the fuel in sufficient quantities can be difficult. We burn the biofuel, so it makes greenhouse gases just like fossil fuels do. Some waste materials are not available all year round. Pumped storage Expensive to build. Once its used, you cant use it again until youve pumped the water back up. Conclusion: Most of those energy resources have below disadvantages: Build up stations is expensive. Danger. Not easily to get power. Sometimes, bad weather will affect it. Pollution. Problems with resources: The major resources problems around the world: Natural resources are being degraded. The oil, the water, the old growth forests are all limited resources. They must be conserved for the most important future uses. Oil is necessary for the operation of all sorts of machinery, yet it is not being conserved but recklessly pumped out of the earth and sold to the highest bidder. Forest resources. In the early history, the earth is approximately 2/3 of the land is covered by forests. The area of forest nearly 76 million hectares. Now, world only has 36 hectares of forests because deforestation and forest clearing. The fresh water shortage. Human consumption of freshwater is increasing rapidly; it causes serious shortage of water resources. The freshwater resources on the earth are limited, and distribution is not balanced. Water shortages became very important problem to restrict many countries economy development especially the agricultural production. Drinkable water is increasing rare; indeed, it is sold in stores for the same price of colas. But underground water is needed for crops, and the underwater reserves are running out. Here, national and international management are required. Plowland decreases. Due to the population growth and the non-agricultural population increases, the land is almost zero. Meanwhile, many area face soil erosion and desertification of land degradation. Every year millions of hectares of arable land about loss. Desertification. The reasons are overgrazing, deforestation denudation and drought. Problem with resources in South Africa: The South African mining industry has been consistently churning out some of the worlds foremost natural resources, including precious metals such as gold and platinum. The world leader in platinum production, South Africa is suffering from an energy shortage. Two major shortages of resources are water and electricity in South Africa. Solutions: Firstly, citizens should save water and electricity. Secondly, South Africa government sets up more stations and use high developed technologies to use energy resources produce water and electricity. Finally, if SA does not have high technologies, it needs to buy them from other countries or scientists should start to make plans. Effect of mining on the environment: Mining has strong power to destructive to the environment. It is one of the main reason which causes of deforestation. In order to mine, people clear and burn trees and vegetations. The ground becomes completely bare, large scale mining operations use huge number of bulldozers and excavators to extract the metals and minerals from the soil. In order to cluster the extractions, they use chemicals such as cyanide and mercury. These chemicals go through tailings and are often discharged into rivers, streams, bays, and oceans. These pollutions contaminate all living organisms within the body of water and ultimately the people who depend on the fish for their main sources of protein and their economic livelihood. Small scale mining is equally devastating to the environment, if not more. There are two types of small scale mining ¼Ã…’land dredging and river dredging: Land dredging involves miners using a generator to dig a large hole in the ground. They use a high pressure hose to expose the gold-bearing layer of sand and clay. The gold bearing slurry is pumped into a sluice box, which collects gold particles, while mine tailings flow into either an abandoned mining pit or adjacent forest. When the mining pits fill with water from the tailings, they become stagnant water pools. These pools create a breeding ground for mosquitoes and other water-born insects. Malaria and other water-born diseases increase significantly whenever open pools of water are nearby. River dredging involves moving along a river on a platform or boat. The miners use a hydrolic suction hose and suction the gravel and mud as they move along the river. The gravel, mud, and rocks go through the tailings (pipes) and any gold fragments are collected on felt mats. The remaining gravel, mud, and rocks go back into the river, but in a different location than where it was originally suctioned. This creates problems for the river. The displaced gravel and mud disrupt the natural flow of the river. Fish and other living organisms often die and fishermen can no longer navigate in the obstructed rivers. Think about the fact that producing a single gold ring generates 20 tons of mine waste. Disadvantages of mining: It destroys forest and wetlands. It may mean that you have to cut down lots of trees just to get to the spot that has all the gold or iron ore. Underground coal mining can require the removal of almost an entire layer of material deep under the surface. When the timber supports collapse, this can lead to subsidence. The subsidence can mean damage to natural areas. It can even cause cracks in river beds, leading to loss of river flow. Some mining involves the inadvertent dispersal of heavy metals, such as lead, into the atmosphere. This can have serious health effects, including mental retardation in children. Asbestos mining causes the dispersal of asbestos into the environment. This will cause deaths among local residents and workers, often several decades later. Fortunately, the mining and use of asbestos are banned in most parts of the world. Industry and its exploitation of the resources: Gold: Gold is one of the most important roles in South Africas economy. A number of different techniques can be used to mine gold. The three most common methods in South Africa are panning, open cast and shaft mining. Panning Panning for gold is a manual technique that is used to sort gold from other sediments. Wide, shallow pans are filled with sand and gravel from river beds that may contain gold. Water is added and the pans are shaken. Open cast mining This is a form of surface mining. Surface layers of rock and sediments are removed so that the deeper gold rich layers can be reached. This type of mining is not suitable if the gold is buried very deep below the surface. Shaft mining South Africas thin but extensive gold reefs slope at an angle underneath the ground, and this means that some deposits are very deep and often difficult to reach. Shaft mining is needed to reach the gold ore. After the initial drilling, blasting and equipping of a mine shaft, tunnels are built leading outwards from the main shaft so that the gold reef can be reached. Iron: Iron is one of the most abundant metals on Earth. It is extracted from iron ore and is almost never found in its elemental form. Iron ores are usually rich in iron oxide minerals and may vary in colour from dark grey to rusty red. Iron mining and iron ore processing: One of the more common methods of mining for iron ore is open cast mining. Open cast mining is used when the iron ore is found near the surface. Once the ore has been removed, it needs to be crushed into fine particles before it can be processed further. As mentioned earlier, iron is commonly found in the form of iron oxides. To create pure iron, the ore must be smelted to remove the oxygen. Definition Smelting Smelting is a method used to extract a metal from its ore and then purify it. Smelting usually involves heating the ore and also adding a reducing agent (e.g. carbon) so that the metal can be freed from its ore. The bonds between iron and oxygen are very strong, and therefore it is important to use an element that will form stronger bonds with oxygen that the iron. A blast furnace is a huge steel container many metres high and lined with heat-resistant material. STEP 1: Production of carbon monoxide. STEP 2: Reduction of iron oxides takes place in a number of stages to produce iron. STEP 3: Fluxing: The flux is used to melt impurities in the ore. Phosphate: A phosphate is a salt of phosphoric acid. Phosphorus is seldom found in its pure elemental form, and phosphate therefore refers to a rock or ore that contains phosphate ions. Mining phosphates: Phosphate is found in beds in sedimentary rock, and has to be quarried to access the ore. A quarry is a type of open pit mine that is used to extract ore. In South Africa, the main phosphate producer is at the Palaborwa alkaline igneous complex, which produces about 3 million tons of ore per year. The ore is crushed into a powder and is then treated with sulfuric acid to form a superphosphate, which is then used as a fertilizer. In the equation below, the phosphate mineral is calcium phosphate. Coal: Coal is what is known as a fossil fuel. How coal is removed from the ground? Coal can be removed from the crust in a number of different ways. The most common methods used are strip mining, open cast mining and underground mining. Strip mining Strip mining is a form of surface mining that is used when the coal reserves are very shallow. The overburden (overlying sediment) is removed so that the coal seams can be reached. These sediments are replaced once the mining is finished, and in many cases, attempts are made to rehabilitate the area. Open cast mining Open cast mining is also a form of surface mining, but here the coal deposits are too deep to be reached using strip mining. One of the environmental impacts of open cast mining is that the overburden is dumped somewhere else away from the mine, and this leaves a huge pit in the ground. Underground mining Undergound mining is normally used when the coal seams are much deeper, usually at a depth greater than 40 m. As with shaft mining for gold, the problem with underground mining is that it is very dangerous, and there is a very real chance that the ground could collapse during the mining if it is not support. Pollution due to industry: Pollutants produces and the environment impact on the lithosphere and atmosphere include nitrogen cycle and the carbon cycle. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/AlfedPalmersmokestacks.jpg/260px-AlfedPalmersmokestacks.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution Major primary pollutants produced by industries include: Sulfur oxides Nitrogen oxides (NOx) especially nitrogen dioxide are emitted from high temperature combustion. Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, non-irritating but very poisonous gas. It is a product by incomplete combustion of fuel such as natural gas, coal or wood. Carbon dioxide (CO2) a greenhouse gas emitted from combustion but is also a gas vital to living organisms. It is a natural gas in the atmosphere. Many of the largest polluters come from the chemical, pesticide, oil refining, petrochemical, metal smelting, iron and steel, and food processing industries. All are major users of energy that produce large amounts of waste products and pollution. Other industries have less potential impact but are still considered highly problematic when it comes to pollution. These industries include the textile, leather tanning, paint, plastics, pharmaceutical, and paper and pulp industries. Industries that are often outside the traditional manufacturing sector-but nevertheless contribute to environmental degradation-include the construction industry. Atmosphere: Air pollution is produced by industry. The plan sets overall national fixed emissions caps for industrial pollutants causing smog and acid rain. Air pollution can result in poor air quality, both in cities and the countryside. Some air pollutants make people sick, causing breathing problems and increasing the likelihood of cancer. Others are harmful to plants, animals, and the ecosystems in which they live. Some air pollutants return to Earth in the form of acid rain, which corrodes statues and buildings, damages crops and forests, and makes lakes and streams unsuitable for fish and other plant and animal life. Man-made air pollution is also changing the Earths atmosphere so that it lets in more harmful radiation from the Sun. Meanwhile, people release more greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, preventing heat from escaping back into space and leading to a rise in global average temperatures. Global warming will raise sea levels and change climates all over the world. Some places will become hotter and drier, others wetter. The incidence of severe storms and flooding is likely to increase. Global warming will also affect food supply and increase the spread of tropical disease. Lithosphere: The lithosphere is the solid shell of a rocky planet called earth. That means the crust and the upper part of the mantle which is joined to the crust (see picture on the right). Under the lithosphere there is the asthenosphere, the weaker, hotter, and deeper part of the upper mantle. Nitrogen cycle: Four processes participate in the cycling of nitrogen through the biosphere: nitrogen fixation, decay, nitrification and denitrification Nitrogen Fixation The nitrogen molecule (N2) is quite inert. To break it apart so that its atoms can combine with other atoms requires the input of substantial amounts of energy. Decay The proteins made by plants enter and pass through food webs just as carbohydrates do. Nitrification Ammonia can be taken up directly by plants usually through their roots. However, most of the ammonia produced by decay is converted into nitrates. This is accomplished in two steps: Bacteria of the genus Nitrosomonas oxidize NH3 to nitrites (NO2à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢). Bacteria of the genus Nitrobacter oxidize the nitrites to nitrates (NO3à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢). Both soil and the ocean contain archaeal microbes, assigned to the Crenarchaeota, that convert ammonia to nitrites. Denitrification The three processes above remove nitrogen from the atmosphere and pass it through ecosystems. And denitrification reduces nitrates to nitrogen gas, thus replenishing the atmosphere. Carbon cycle Carbon exists in the nonliving environment as: Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and dissolved in water, carbonate rocks. Carbon enters the biotic world through the action of autotrophs like plants and algae, that use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide to organic matter. Links to photosynthesis and to a small extent, chemoautotroph bacteria and archaea that do the same but use the energy derived from an oxidation of molecules in their substrate. Carbon returns to the atmosphere and water by respiration, burning and decay. Greenhouse effect Greenhouse effect is always be treated as negative terms. The negative concerns are related to the possible impacts of an enhanced greenhouse effect. This is covered in more detail in the Global Climate Change section of this Web site. It is important to remember that without the greenhouse effect, life on earth as we know it would not be possible. While the earths temperature is dependent on greenhouse-like action of the atmosphere, the amount of heating and cooling are influenced by several factors is like greenhouses are affected by some factors. In the atmospheric greenhouse effect, the type of surface that sunlight first encounters is the most important factor. Grasslands, forests, ocean surfaces, deserts, and cities all absorb, reflect, and radiate radiation differently. Sunlight falling on a white glacier surface strongly reflects back into space, resulting in minimal heating of the surface and lower atmosphere. Sunlight falling on a dark desert soil is strongly absorbed, on the other hand, and contributes to significant heating of the surface and lower atmosphere. Cloud cover also affects greenhouse warming by both reducing the amount of solar radiation reaching the earths surface and by reducing the amount of radiation energy emitted into space. The consequences of pollution around the world and South Africa: All of land pollution, air pollution and water pollution can affect wildlife, plants, and humans in a number of ways, such as: Lead to birth defects. Cause various kinds of cancers. People cannot eat fish and any animals. People cannot breathe. People cannot live anymore. The consequences like people build up industries, industries make pollution, and people cannot live because of pollutions. Solutions: People should be educated and made aware about the harmful effects of littering Items used for domestic purposes ought to be reused or recycled. Personal litter should be disposed properly. Organic waste matter should be disposed in areas that are far away from residential places. Inorganic matter such as paper, plastic, glass and metals should be reclaimed and then recycled. Decreases amount of industries. Save water. Plant trees and flowersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Conclusion and recommendation: Through this research, I think that humans activities effect environment a lot. People cannot live without good environment, everything is connected to human. People should respect environment and set a good relationship with it. According to this research, people will get some knowledge of resources such as the kind of energy resources, are whether renewable or non-renewable and how to exploit mineral resources. People will realize how much hurt they have made to environment. This research is worth to do and read; it teaches and tells people the truth of the world. 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